Sustainability and Global Role of Heavy Metals
Lucjan Pawłowski
Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Ul. Nadbystrzycka 40 B, 20-618 Lublin (Poland)
Abstract
A lot has been written about the impact of climate change caused by excessive emission of carbon dioxide on sustainable development. There are, however, similar, but not so much widely known, problems caused by heavy metals.
The heavy metals threaten implementation of sustainable development, because the natural resources of heavy metals are running out. Moreover, high toxicity of the heavy metals (spreading throughout whole surface of the Earth, polluting it) is threatening the safe environment for future generation. Implementation of sustainable development can decrease spreading of the heavy metals.
In the paper scientific research was proposed, one which may help to better understand a role of heavy metals in implementation of sustainability in our civilization.
Keywords:
sustainable development, global threats, inter-generational justice, intra-generational justiceReferences
ARON S., 2005. Some Statistic on Limited Natural Resources, http://divineways.com
Google Scholar
BAUMGAERTNER J., 2008, From Sustainable Development to Management of Sustainable Ecosocial Systems, in: Problemy Ekorozwoju/Problems of Sustainable Development, vol. 3 no 2, p. 15-19.
Google Scholar
BULLETIN of the WHO, 2010, Environmental lead exposure.
Google Scholar
DOCTOR R.D., TAYLOR J.A., SHANNON J.D., 2000, Atmospheric Mercury-global Biogeochemical Cycles, Sources, and Sink, in: Climate and global change, series No ANL/ CGC-003-0600.
Google Scholar
DURBIN P.T., 2008, Is There a Best Ethic of Sustainable Development?, in: Problemy Ekorozwoju/Problems of Sustainable Development, vol. 3, no 2, p. 3-14.
Google Scholar
EEA Report, EEA32 Heavy Metal (HM) Emissions (APE 005), Assessment, 2010.
Google Scholar
EUROPEAN COMMISSION DG for Environment, Mercury flow in Europe and the world.
Google Scholar
FOTOPOLOUS T., 2007, Is Growth Compatible With a Market Economy, in: International Journal of Inclusive Democracy, 1(3), p. 20-25.
Google Scholar
GOLOMB D., 2008, Emission Reduction of Greenhouse Gases: Emission Quotas or Mandated Control Technologies, in: Problemy Ekorozwoju/Problems of Sustainable Development, vol. 3 no 1, p. 23-25.
Google Scholar
HART S.L., Capitalism at the Crossroads, Wharton School Publishing, London 2005.
Google Scholar
HULL Z., 2007, Does the Idea of the Sustainable Development Show a New Vision of the Development of the Civilization?, in: Problemy Ekorozwoju/Problems of Sustainable Development, vol. 2, no 1, p. 49-57.
Google Scholar
IKERD J., 2008, Sustainable Capitalism: a Matter of Ethics and Morality, in: Problemy Ekorozwoju/Problems of Sustainable Development, vol. 3 no 1, p. 13-22.
Google Scholar
LASZLO Ch., 2008, Sustainable Value?, in: Problemy Ekorozwoju/Problems of Sustainable Development, vol. 3 no 2, p. 25-29
Google Scholar
LINDZEN R. S. 2010. Global Warming: the Origin and Nature of the Alleged Scientific Consensus, in: Prob-lemy Ekorozwoju/ Problems of Sustainable Development, vol. 5 no 2, p. 13-28.
Google Scholar
NRIAGU J., OLERU N.T., CUDJOE C., CHINE A., 1997, Lead Poisoning of Children in Africa, III. Kaduna, Nigeria, in: Sci. Total. Envir., p. 13-19.
Google Scholar
JACYNA et al., 2010, Global Emissions of Mercury to the Atmosphere in 2005 and Their 2020 Scenarios, in: Geophys. Res. Abstr., 12, EGU2010-2761.
Google Scholar
PAWŁOWSKI A., 2006, The Multidimensional Nature of Sustainable Development, in: Problemy Ekorozwoju/Problems of Sustainable Development, vol. 1 no 1, p. 23-32.
Google Scholar
PAWŁOWSKI A., 2007, Barriers in Introducing Sustainable Development - Ecophilosophical Point of View, in: Problemy Ekorozwoju/Problems of Sustainable Development, vol. 2 no 1, p. 59-65.
Google Scholar
PAWŁOWSKI A., 2008, The Role of Social Sciences and Philosophy in Shaping of the of Sustainable Development Concept, in: Problemy Ekorozwoju/Problems of Sustainable Development, vol. 3 no 1, p. 3-7.
Google Scholar
PAWŁOWSKI A., 2009a, The Sustainable Development Revolution, in: Problemy Ekorozwoju/Problems of Sustainable Development, vol. 4 no 1, p. 65-76.
Google Scholar
PAWŁOWSKI A., 2009b, Sustainable Energy as a sine qua non Condition for the Achievement of Sustainable Development, in: Problemy Ekorozwoju/Problems of Sustainable Development, vol. 4 no 2, p. 3-7.
Google Scholar
PIRONNE N., 1996, Regional Differences in Worldwide Emissions of Mercury to the Atmosphere, in: Atmospheric Environment, 30(17), p. 2981-2987.
Google Scholar
PIRONNE N., CINNIRELLA S., FENGX, FINKELMAN R.B., FRIEDLI H.R., LEANOR J., MASON R., MUNKHERJEE A.B., STRACHER G.B., STREETS D.G., TELMAR K., 2010, Global Mercury Emissions to the Atmosphere from Anthropogenic and Natural Sources, in: Atmos.Chem.Phys.Discuss, 10, p. 4719-4752.
Google Scholar
RUSSEL D., 2010, A Curmudgeon’s Thoughts on Sustainability, in: Problemy Ekorozwoju/Problems of Sustainable Development, vol. 5 no 1, p. 15-22.
Google Scholar
STREETS D.G., QIANG Z., WU Y., 2009, Projection of Global Mercury Emissions, in: Environmental Science and Technology, 42(8), p. 2983-2988.
Google Scholar
TELMER K.H, VEIGA M.M., 2009, World Emissions of Mercury from Artisanal and Small Scale Gold Mining, in: Mercury Fate and Transport in the Global Atmosphere, 131-172.
Google Scholar
UN Report, Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, http://www.mileniumassessment.org/en/index.aspx (5.01.2010).
Google Scholar
UDO V., PAWŁOWSKI A., 2010, Human Progress Towards Equitable Sustainable Development: a Philosophical Exploration, in: Problemy Ekorozwoju/Problems of Sustainable Development, vol. 5 no 1, p. 23-44.
Google Scholar
UNDP Report, Human Development Report - International Cooperation at a Crossroads: Aid, Trade and Security in an Unequal World, UNDP, New York, http://hdr.undp.org/reports/global/2005 (5.01.2010)
Google Scholar
VENKATESH G., 2010, Triple Bottom Line Approach to Individual and Global Sustainability, in: Problemy Ekorozwoju/Problems of Sustainable Development, vol. 5 no 2, p. 29-37.
Google Scholar
WACKERNAGEE M., 2006, Global Footprint Network, http://www.footprintnetwork.org (5. 01.2010).
Google Scholar
Authors
Lucjan PawłowskiFaculty of Environmental Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Ul. Nadbystrzycka 40 B, 20-618 Lublin Poland
Statistics
Abstract views: 12PDF downloads: 2
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.