THEORETICAL APPROACH FOR DETERMINING AN EMISSIVITY OF SOLID MATERIALS AND ITS COMPARISON WITH EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE EXAMPLE OF 316L POWDER STEEL

Oleksandr Vasilevskyi

om.vasilevskyi@gmail.com
The University of Texas at Austin, Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering (United States)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8618-0377

Michael Cullinan


The University of Texas at Austin, Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering (United States)

Jared Allison


The University of Texas at Austin, Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering (United States)

Abstract

The work used Maxwell's electromagnetic theory to quantitatively describe the emissivity of solid materials through electrical resistivity and temperature. An equation is proposed for recalculating the emissivity of smooth surfaces into powdery or rough surfaces. The obtained theoretical characteristics of the change in the emissivity of 316L powder steel were compared with experimental ones. As a result of the comparison, it was established that the experimental results obtained correlate with theoretical calculations and do not go beyond the limits of the expanded uncertainty of measurement.


Keywords:

additive manufacturing, the emissivity of the smooth surface, Maxwell's electromagnetic theory, the emissivity of the rough surface, 316L powder steel, machine learning

[1] AISI Type 316L Stainless Steel [https://www.matweb.com/search/datasheet_print.aspx?matguid=1336be6d0c594b55afb5ca8bf1f3e042].
  Google Scholar

[2] Boley C. D. et al.: Metal powder absorptivity: modeling and experiment. Applied optics 55(23), 2016, 6496–6500.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.55.006496   Google Scholar

[3] Cai Y. et al.: A review of in-situ monitoring and process control system in metal-based laser additive manufacturing. Journal of Manufacturing Systems 70, 2023, 309–326.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2023.07.018   Google Scholar

[4] Gusarov A. V. et al.: Normal-directional and normal-hemispherical reflectances of micron-and submicron-sized powder beds at 633 and 790 nm. Journal of applied physics 99(11), 2006.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2205358   Google Scholar

[5] Gusarov A. V.: Radiative transfer, absorption, and reflection by metal powder beds in laser powder-bed processing. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 257, 2020, 107366.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2020.107366   Google Scholar

[6] Modest M. F., Mazumder S.: Radiative heat transfer. Academic press, 2021.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818143-0.00031-6   Google Scholar

[7] Mohr G. et al.: Experimental determination of the emissivity of powder layers and bulk material in laser powder bed fusion using infrared thermography and thermocouples. Metals 10(11), 2020, 1546.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/met10111546   Google Scholar

[8] Palik E. D.: Handbook of optical constants of solids. Academic press, 1998.
  Google Scholar

[9] Setién-Fernández I. et al.: Spectral emissivity of copper and nickel in the mid-infrared range between 250 and 900 C. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 71, 2014, 549–554.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.12.063   Google Scholar

[10] Shvarev K. M., Baum B. A.: Estimation of radiative characteristics of metals in the framework of classical electronic theory. Soviet Physics Journal 21(1), 1978, 1–4.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00896285   Google Scholar

[11] Son E.: Measurement of Flame Temperature by the Spectral-Line Reversal Method. In Physical Mechanics. Begell House, 2012.
  Google Scholar

[12] Tilley R. J.: Colour and the optical properties of materials. John Wiley & Sons, 2020.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119554592   Google Scholar

[13] Vasilevskyi O. M., Koval M., Kravets S.: Indicators of reproducibility and suitability for assessing the quality of production services. Acta Imeko 10(4), 2021, 54–61.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v10i4.814   Google Scholar

[14] Vasilevskyi O. M.: Advanced mathematical model of measuring the starting torque motors. Technical Electrodynamics 6, 2013, 76–81.
  Google Scholar

[15] Vasilevskyi O. M.: Assessing the level of confidence for expressing extended uncertainty: a model based on control errors in the measurement of ion activity. Acta Imeko 10(2), 2021, 199–203.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v10i2.810   Google Scholar

[16] Vollmer M., Möllmann, K. P.: Infrared Thermal Imaging: Fundamentals, Research and Applications. John Wiley & Sons, 2018.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527693306   Google Scholar

[17] Vollmer M.: Infrared thermal imaging. In Computer Vision: A Reference Guide. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03243-2_844-1   Google Scholar

[18] Wang J. et al.: Emissivity calculation for a finite circular array of pyramidal absorbers based on Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation. IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation 58(4), 2010, 1173–1180.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2010.2041148   Google Scholar

[19] Wang R. et al.: Real-time process monitoring and closed-loop control on laser power via a customized laser powder bed fusion platform. Additive Manufacturing 66, 2023, 103449.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2023.103449   Google Scholar

[20] Watanabe H. et al.: Spectral emissivity measurements. In Experimental Methods in the Physical Sciences 46, 2014, 333–366.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386022-4.00009-1   Google Scholar

[21] Zhang Z. M., Lee B. J.: Theory of thermal radiation and radiative properties. Experimental Methods in the Physical Sciences 42, 2009, 73–132.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1079-4042(09)04203-9   Google Scholar

Download


Published
2024-09-30

Cited by

Vasilevskyi, O., Cullinan, M., & Allison, J. (2024). THEORETICAL APPROACH FOR DETERMINING AN EMISSIVITY OF SOLID MATERIALS AND ITS COMPARISON WITH EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE EXAMPLE OF 316L POWDER STEEL. Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary W Gospodarce I Ochronie Środowiska, 14(3), 5–8. https://doi.org/10.35784/iapgos.6289

Authors

Oleksandr Vasilevskyi 
om.vasilevskyi@gmail.com
The University of Texas at Austin, Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering United States
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8618-0377

Authors

Michael Cullinan 

The University of Texas at Austin, Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering United States

Authors

Jared Allison 

The University of Texas at Austin, Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering United States

Statistics

Abstract views: 202
PDF downloads: 155


License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.