Investigating the impact of microservice-oriented platform configurations on application performance

Bartosz Biegajło

bartosz.biegajlo@pollub.edu.pl
Lublin University of Technology (Poland)

Dariusz Czerwiński


Lublin University of Technology (Poland)

Abstract

Effective management of containerized applications is crucial to ensuring their performance and reliability. The aim of this work was to indicate which configuration settings of the Kubernetes orchestrator have the greatest impact on microservice application performance under conditions of increased load. For each of the established configuration variants, the throughput and response time of the test application based on the microservices paradigm were measured. Research findings indicate that excessive horizontal scaling degrades application performance and that memory usage settings may play a greater role in optimizing system performance than CPU usage.


Keywords:

Kubernetes, application performance, vertical scaling, horizontal scaling

Z. Mushtaq, N. Saher, F. Shazad, S. Iqbal, A. Qasim, A Review on Transformation of Monolithic Applications towards Microservices Environment, International Journal of Innovations in Science & Technology 4 (2022) 1–18, https://doi.org/10.33411/ijist/2022040101.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33411/IJIST/2022040101   Google Scholar

Y. Zhang, B. Vasilescu, H. Wang, V. Filkov, One size does not fit all: an empirical study of containerized continuous deployment workflows, In 26th ACM Joint Meeting on European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (ESEC/FSE) (2018) 295–306, https://doi.org/10.1145/3236024.3236033.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3236024.3236033   Google Scholar

M. Fowler, J. Lewis, Microservices a definition of this new architectural term, https://martinfowler.com/articles/microservices.html, [17.01.2024].
  Google Scholar

X. Larrucea, I. Santamaria, R. Colomo-Palacios, C. Ebert, Microservices, IEEE Software 35 (2018) 96–100, http://doi.org/10.1109/MS.2018.2141030.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MS.2018.2141030   Google Scholar

I. K. Aksakalli, T. Celik, A. B. Can, B. Tekinerdogan, Systematic Approach for Generation of Feasible Deployment Alternatives for Microservices, IEEE Access 9 (2021) 29505–29529, https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3057582.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3057582   Google Scholar

Dokumentacja orkiestratora Kubernetes, https://kubernetes.io/docs/home/, [18.01.2024].
  Google Scholar

PaaS vs. IaaS vs. SaaS vs. CaaS: How are they different? https://cloud.google.com/learn/paas-vs-iaas-vs-saas, [20.01.2024].
  Google Scholar

PJ. Maenhaut, B. Volckaert, V. Ongenae, F. De Turck, Resource Management in a Containerized Cloud: Status and Challenges, Journal of Network and Systems Management 28 (2019) 197–246, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10922-019-09504-0.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10922-019-09504-0   Google Scholar

Y. Zhang, G. Yin, T. Wang, Y. Yu, H. Wang, An Insight Into the Impact of Dockerfile Evolutionary Trajectories on Quality and Latency, In 42nd IEEE Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC) (2018) 138–143, http://doi.org/10.1109/COMPSAC.2018.00026.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPSAC.2018.00026   Google Scholar

D. Boxley, Containers Vs. Virtual Machines: Why the Paradigm Shift Matters, https://cloudnativenow.com/topics/cloudnativedevelopment/containers-vs-virtual-machines-why-the-paradigm-shift-matters/, [30.01.2024].
  Google Scholar

S. P. Sinde, B. Thakkalapally, M. Ramidi, S. Veeramalla, Continuous Integration and Deployment Automation in AWS Cloud Infrastructure, International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10 (2022) 1305–1309, https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44106.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44106   Google Scholar

F. H. L. Buzato, A. Goldman, D. Batista, Efficient Resources Utilization by Different Microservices Deployment Models, In 17th IEEE International Symposium on Network Computing and Applications (NCA) (2018) 1–4, https://doi.org/10.1109/NCA.2018.8548346.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/NCA.2018.8548346   Google Scholar

M. Waseem, P. Liang, M. Shahin, A. Di Salle, G. Márquez, Design, Monitoring, and testing of microservices systems: The practitioners’ perspective, Journal of Systems and Software 182 (2021) 111061–111105, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2021.111061.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2021.111061   Google Scholar

What is container orchestration, https://www.ibm.com/topics/container-orchestration, [28.01.2024].
  Google Scholar

S. Li, H. Zhang, Z. Jia, C. Zhong, C. Zhang, Z. Shan, J. Shen, M. A. Babar, Understanding and addressing quality attributes of microservices architecture: A Systematic literature review, Information and Software Technology 131 (2021) 106449–106472, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2020.106449.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2020.106449   Google Scholar

Horizontal vs Vertical scaling: An in-depth Guide, https://www.nops.io/blog/horizontal-vs-vertical-scaling/, [29.01.2024].
  Google Scholar

A. Avritzer, V. Ferme, A. Janes, B. Russo, A. Hoorn, H. van Schulz, D. Menasché, V. Rufino, Scalability Assessment of Microservice Architecture Deployment Configurations: A Domain-based Approach Leveraging Operational Profiles and Load Tests, Journal of Systems and Software 165 (2020) 110564–110580, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2020.110564.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2020.110564   Google Scholar

G. Blinowski, A. Ojdowska, A. Przybyłek, Monolithic vs. Microservice Architecture: A Performance and Scalability Evaluation, IEEE Access 10 (2022) 20357–20374, https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3152803.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3152803   Google Scholar

Dokumentacja Minikube, https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/, [19.02.2024].
  Google Scholar

J. Gray, R. Helland, R. O'Neil, D. Shasha, The dangers of replication and a solution, ACM SIGMOD 25 (1996) 173–182, https://doi.org/10.1145/235968.233330.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/235968.233330   Google Scholar

Dokukmentacja k6, https://grafana.com/docs/k6/latest/, [09.03.2024].
  Google Scholar

Download


Published
2024-06-30

Cited by

Biegajło, B., & Czerwiński, D. (2024). Investigating the impact of microservice-oriented platform configurations on application performance. Journal of Computer Sciences Institute, 31, 124–131. https://doi.org/10.35784/jcsi.6090

Authors

Bartosz Biegajło 
bartosz.biegajlo@pollub.edu.pl
Lublin University of Technology Poland

Authors

Dariusz Czerwiński 

Lublin University of Technology Poland

Statistics

Abstract views: 111
PDF downloads: 104


License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.