Differences in the Implementation of Labor Rights of Refugees and Migrants in Europe

Viktor Shcherbyna

viktorknu@gmail.com
Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 01033, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, Ukraine (Ukraine)

Kateryna V. Kutsovol


Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 01033, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, Ukraine (Ukraine)

Polozhyshnyk Polozhyshnyk


Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 01033, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, Ukraine (Ukraine)

Nadiya O. Babych


Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 01033, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, Ukraine (Ukraine)

Oleksandra V. Voytsyshena


Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 01033, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, Ukraine (Ukraine)

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to explore the differences that exist between the exercise of the right to work by refugees and migrant workers under EU law, and to examine the existing differences between these categories under international law. The leading method of research used in the article is the method of comparison. It was used to analyze the differences in the legal regulation and implementation of the right to work by refugees and migrant workers in the EU. The article analyzes the peculiarities of the definition and legal regulation of the terms refugee and migrant worker. The author defines the classification of types of migration and proves the conclusion that economic motives are the most frequent reason for migration. At the same time, the author argues that refugees and labor migrants are different concepts in terms of labor legislation. Therefore, they have different legal status and, accordingly, different frameworks for exercising their rights. Besides, the author as an example considered Polish legislation, which regulates both the issues of labor migration and realization of labor rights of refugees, especially in the context of war in Ukraine, which is also reflected in the results of work and conclusions to the article.


Keywords:

labor law, refugees, migrant workers, right to work, labor relations, third country nationals

BEZPALOVA O., 2017, Peculiarities of the Definition of Refugee Rights in International Legislation. In Implementation and Protection of the Rights of Internally Displaced Persons: International Scientific-Practical Conference (Uzhhorod, April 2017), TOV RIK-U , Uzhhorod: 10-19.
  Google Scholar

BRITCHENKO I., SAVCHENKO L., NAIDA I., TREGUBOV O., 2020, Areas and Means of Formation of Transport Regional Complexes and Mechanisms for Managing Their Competitiveness in Ukraine, Ikonomicheski Izsledvania, 29(3): 61-82.
  Google Scholar

CONSOLIDATED VERSIONS OF THE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION AND THE TREATY ON THE FUNCTIONING OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, 2012, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri= celex%3A12012E%2FTXT.
  Google Scholar

COUNCIL OF THE EU, 1994, Resolution of 20 June 1994 on Limitation on Admission of Third-Country Nationals to the Territory of the Member States for Employment, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/LT/TXT/?uri =CELEX:31996Y0919(02).
  Google Scholar

COUNCIL OF THE EU, 2001, Directive No. 2001/55/EU of 20 July 2001 on Minimum Standards for Giving Temporary Protection in the Event of a Mass Influx of Displaced Persons and on Measures Promoting a Balance of Efforts Between Member States in Receiving Such Persons and Bearing the Consequences Thereof, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32001L0055.
  Google Scholar

COUNCIL OF THE EU, 2003a, Directive No. 2003/109/ЕU on the Status of Third-Country Nationals Who Are Long-Term Residents, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/legislative-train/package-new-policy-on-legal-migration/file-status-of-long-term-resident-3rd-country-nationals-%E2%80%93-possible-review .
  Google Scholar

COUNCIL OF THE EU, 2003b, Directive No. 2003/86/EU of 22 September 2003 on the Right to Family Reunification, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2003:251:0012:0018:en:PDF.
  Google Scholar

COUNCIL OF THE EU, 2009, Directive No. 2009/50/EU of 25 May 2009 on the Conditions of Entry and Residence of Third-Country Nationals for the Purposes of Highly Qualified Employment, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32009L0050 (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

DARMORIS O., 2010, Formation and Development of the Labor Law of the European Union, National University Odesa Law Academy, Odesa.
  Google Scholar

DMYTRUK B., SVETLOVA N., 2016, World Migration Processes: Motivation, Types and Consequences of Countries of Departure and Host Countries, Vestnik of the Eastern European University in Economics and Management, 1(20): 18-27.
  Google Scholar

EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, COUNCIL OF THE EU, 2003, Directive No. 2003/86/EU of September 22 on the Right to Family Unity, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=celex%3A32003L0086 (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, COUNCIL OF THE EU, 2011a, Directive No. 2011/95/EU from December 13, 2011 on the Qualification Standards and Status of Third-Country Nationals and Stateless Persons as Recipients of International Protection, the Uniform Status of Refugees or Persons Entitled to Subsidiary Protection, as Well as the Content of the Protection Granted (New Edition), https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=legissum:4314891 (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, COUNCIL OF THE EU, 2011b, Directive No. 2011/98/EU of 13 December 2011 on a Single Application Procedure for a Single Permit for Third-Country Nationals to Reside and Work in the Territory of a Member State and on a Common Set of Rights for Third-Country Workers Legally Residing in a Member State, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2011:343:0001:0009:EN:PDF (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, COUNCIL OF THE EU, 2013a, Directive No. 2013/33/EU of 26 June 2013 Laying Down Standards for the Reception of Applicants for International Protection (Recast), https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32013L0033. (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, COUNCIL OF THE EU, 2013b, Directive No. 2013/32/EU of June 29, 2013 on General Procedures for Granting and Revoking International Protection (New Edition). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32013L0032 (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, COUNCIL OF THE EU, 2014a, Directive No. 2014/36/EU of 26 February 2014 on the Conditions of Entry And Stay of Third-Country Nationals for the Purpose of Employment as Seasonal Workers, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A32014L0036 (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, COUNCIL OF THE EU, 2014b, Directive No. 2014/66/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014 on the Conditions of Entry and Residence of Third-Country Nationals in the Framework of an Intra-Corporate Transfer, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=celex%3A32014L0066 (02.10.22)
  Google Scholar

EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, COUNCIL OF THE EU, 2017, Directive (EU) No. 2017/2397 of 12 December 2017 on the Recognition of Professional Qualifications in Inland Navigation and Repealing Council Directives 91/672/EEC and 96/50/EC (Text with EEA Relevance), https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32017L2397 (02.10.22)
  Google Scholar

FOMISHYN S., RYBCHUK A., RUMIANTSEVA A., 2011, International Economy: Teaching Manual, Novyi svit, Lviv.
  Google Scholar

GALKIN A., POPOVA Y., KYSELOV V., . KNIAZIEVA T., KUTSENKO M., SOKOLOVA N., 2020, Comparison of Urban Conventional Delivery and Green Logistics Solutions, Proceedings – International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering, DeSE, 2020-December: 95-99, 9450776.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/DeSE51703.2020.9450776   Google Scholar

GALKIN A., ZAYTSEV V., SHYSHKIN V., OBOLENTSEVA L., POPOVA Y., 2021, Patterns of the Distribution of the Demand of End-Consumers Among Retailers in the Zone of Their Residence, Foundations of Management, 13(1): 145-158.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2021-0011   Google Scholar

INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANISATION, 1949, Convention No. 97 Migration for Employment, https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::p12100_instrument_id:312242 (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION, 1975, Recommendation No. 151 Concerning Migrant Workers, https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_INSTRUMENT_ID:312489 (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

KUKHTYK S., DERKACHENKO Y.U., 2018, Immigration and Advocacy for the Rights of Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons: Textbook, Publishing House Holembovska O.A., Kyiv.
  Google Scholar

LYTVYNENKO S., TREGUBOV O., PRYKHNO Y., YAKYMOVA N., PANCHENKO I., POPOVA Y., 2022, Transformation of the Paradigm of Entrepreneurial Activity Innovative Development in the Pandemic Conditions, International Journal of Agricultural Extension, 10(Special issue 1): 147-156.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.010.00.3853   Google Scholar

MINISTRY OF FAMILY, LABOR AND SOCIAL POLICY, 2018, Decree of the Ministery of Family, Labor and Social Policy Amending the Regulation on the Determination of Cases in which a Work Permit for a Foreigner Is Issued Regardless of the Detailed Conditions for Issuing Permits to Work for Foreigners, https://prawo.sejm.gov.pl/ isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU20180001264/O/D20181264.pdf (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND, 1997, Constitution of the Republic of Poland, https://www.sejm.gov.pl/prawo/konst/angielski/kon1.htm (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

POLISH PARLIAMENT, 2003, Act of 13 June 2003 on Granting Protection to Aliens within the Territory of the Republic of Poland,. https://www.asylumlawdatabase.eu/sites/www.asylumlawdatabase.eu/files/aldfiles/en%20-%20granting%20protection%20to%20aliens%20within%20the%20territory%20of%20the%20Republic%20of%20Poland%20.pdf (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

POLISH PARLIAMENT, 2004, Employment Promotion and Labor Market Institutions Law 2004, https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/natlex4.detail?p_lang=en&p_isn=68870 (02.10.22)
  Google Scholar

POLISH PARLIAMENT, 2013, Act on Foreigners of 12 December 2013. https://ec.europa.eu/migrant-integration/librarydoc/act-on-foreigners-of-12-december-2013 (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

POLISH PARLIAMENT, 2017, Act of 20 July 2017 to Amend Act on Promotion of Employment and on Labour Market Institutions and Some Other Acts, https://ec.europa.eu/migrant-integration/librarydoc/act-on-foreigners-of-12-december-2013 (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

POLISH PARLIAMENT, 2022, Act of March 12, 2022 on Assistance to Ukrainian Citizens in Connection with an Armed Conflict in the Territory of that State, https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20220000583 (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

ROAF, 2021, Labour Migration and Migrant Workers in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---africa/documents/publication/wcms_682938.pdf (21.11.22)
  Google Scholar

SARDAK, S., BRITCHENKO, I., VAZOV, R., KRUPSKYI, O.P., 2021, Life Cycle: Formation, Structure, Management, Ikonomicheski Izsledvania, 30(6): 126-142.
  Google Scholar

SIMON J., KISS N., ŁASZEWSKA A., 2015, Health Evidence Network Synthesis Report, No. 43. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK379428/ (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, 1985, Decision of 8 July 1985 Setting Up A Prior Communication And Consultation Procedure On Migration Policies In Relation To Non-Member Countries, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dec/1985/381/oj. (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

TRIUKHAN O., 2015, The right of migrant workers to employment: International standards and Ukrainian legislation, Journal of Civics, 19: 178-183.
  Google Scholar

UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY, 1951, Refugee Convention, https://www.unhcr.org/4ca34be29.pdf (02.10.22)
  Google Scholar

UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY, 1966, Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees, General Assembly Resolution 2198 (XXI), https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/protocol-relating-status-refugees (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY, 1990, International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families. General Assembly Resolution No. 45/158, https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/international-convention-protection-rights-all-migrant-workers (02.10.22).
  Google Scholar

VOLOSKO, YA., 2016, Administrative-Legal Regulation of Labor Migration in the Conditions of Transformation of the Economy of Ukraine, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv.
  Google Scholar

Download


Published
2023-07-09

Cited by

Shcherbyna, V., Kutsovol, K. V. ., Polozhyshnyk, P., Babych, N. O., & Voytsyshena, O. V. (2023). Differences in the Implementation of Labor Rights of Refugees and Migrants in Europe. Problemy Ekorozwoju, 18(1), 100–110. https://doi.org/10.35784/pe.2023.1.10

Authors

Viktor Shcherbyna 
viktorknu@gmail.com
Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 01033, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, Ukraine Ukraine

Authors

Kateryna V. Kutsovol 

Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 01033, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, Ukraine Ukraine

Authors

Polozhyshnyk Polozhyshnyk 

Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 01033, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, Ukraine Ukraine

Authors

Nadiya O. Babych 

Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 01033, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, Ukraine Ukraine

Authors

Oleksandra V. Voytsyshena 

Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv 01033, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, Ukraine Ukraine

Statistics

Abstract views: 87
PDF downloads: 71