Multifunctional and Multiscale Aspects of Green Infrastructure in Contemporary Research
Anna Zaręba
Uniwersytet Wrocławski, pl. Uniwersytecki 1, 50-137 Wrocław (Poland)
Abstract
This paper provides information on the definition and benefits of green infrastructure, outlines the green infrastructure solutions and technics and their influence on multifunctionalty and multiscale of current research. Examples of green infrastructure practices include green, blue, and white roofs; hard and soft permeable surfaces; green alleys and streets; urban forestry; green open spaces such as parks and wetlands. Green infrastructure approaches help to achieve sustainability and resilience through practices such as among many others: urban forestry, and water conservation. This paper evaluates benefits of selection of particular green infrastructure solutions on the background of broader ecological context.
Keywords:
green infrastructure, connectivity, urban structureReferences
AHERN J. Green infrastructure for cities: The spatial dimension in: Cities of the Future Towards Integrated Sustainable Water and Landscape Management, eds. Novotny V., Brown P., IWA Publishing, London 2007, p. 267-283
Google Scholar
BEATLEY T., Green Urbanism, Learning from European Cities, Island Press, Washington D.C. 2000.
Google Scholar
BENETT G., Integrating Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Use: Lessons Learned From Ecological Networks, Gland/Cambridge, IUCN 2004.
Google Scholar
BENETT G., MULONGOY K. Review of Experience with Ecological Networks, CBD Technical Series No. 23, Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity 2006.
Google Scholar
BENEDICT M., McMAHON E., Green Infrastructure: Linking Landscapes and Communities, Island Press, Washington, D.C. 2006.
Google Scholar
BENEDICT M., McMAHON E., 2002 Green Infrastructure: Smart Conservation for the 21st Century, in: Renewable Resources Journal, Autumn Edition, p. 12-17, http://www.sprawlwatch.org/greeninfrastructure.pdf.
Google Scholar
BIRD W., 2004, Natural Fit. Can green space and biodiversity increase levels of physical activity?, in: R. Soc. Protect. Birds, p. l.
Google Scholar
BÜRGI M.; HERSPERGER A.M.; SCHEEBERGER N., 2004, Driving forces of landscape change – current and new directions, in: Landsc. Ecol. 19.
Google Scholar
The Cambridge Sustainable Drainage Design and Adoption Guide, https://www.cambridge.gov.uk/sites/www.cambridge.gov.uk/files/docs/SUDS-Design-and-Adoption-Guide.pdf.
Google Scholar
Chicago Green Alley Handbook 2010, http://www.cityofchicago.org/dam/city/depts/cdot/Green_Alley_Handbook_2010.pdf.
Google Scholar
COM(2011) 17 final, Regional Policy contributing to sustainable growth in Europe 2020, Commission staff working document, European Commission SEC(2011) 92 final, http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docoffic/official/communic/sustainable/swd_sec2011_92.pdf.
Google Scholar
Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament paper, Brussels, 6.05.2013, COM( 2013) 249 final. The European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions Green Infrastructure (GI) — Enhancing Europe’s Natural Capital, http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2013:0249:FIN:EN:PDF.
Google Scholar
Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora.
Google Scholar
FORMAN R.T.T., Land Mosaics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1995.
Google Scholar
FORMAN R.T.T., GORDON M., Landscape Ecology, John Wiley, New York 1986.
Google Scholar
FOSTER J., LOWE A., WINKELMAN S., The value of Green Infrastructure for urban climate adaptation. Final report, The Center for Clean Air Policy, Washington, DC 2011, http://www.ccap.org/docs/resources/989/Green_Infrastructure_FINAL.pdf
Google Scholar
GILL S, HANDLEY J., ENNOS A., PAULEIT S., 2007, Adapting Cities For Climate Change, in: The Role Of The Green Built Environment vol. 33, No. 1, http://www.fs.fed.us/ccrc/topics/urbanforests/docs/Gill_Adapting_Cities.pdf.
Google Scholar
Green Infrastructure. An integrated approach to land use 2013, Landscape Institute Position Statement London, http://www.landscapeinstitute.org/PDF/Contribute/2013GreenInfrastructureLIPositionStatement.pdf.
Google Scholar
HOPKINS M.I.W., 2001, Exploring the links between urban morphology and urban ecology, in: Urban Morphology 5, 1. p. 51-53.
Google Scholar
JONGMAN R., PUNGETTI G., Ecological Networks and Greenways: Concept, Design, Implementation, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2003.
Google Scholar
KIM J., KAPLAN R., 2004, Physical and psychological factors in sense of community. New Urbanist Kentlands and Nearby Orchard Village, in: Environ. Behav. 36, p. 313-340.
Google Scholar
LEITÃO A.B., MILLER J., AHERN J., and McGARIGAL K., Measuring Landscapes: A Planner’s Handbook. Island Press, Washington 2006.
Google Scholar
McMAHON E., 2000, Looking Around: Green Infrastructure, in: Planning Commission Journal Burlington, Vermont no. 37, p.4-7.
Google Scholar
MAZZA L., BENNETT G., De NOCKER L., GANTIOLER S., LOSARCOS L., MARGERISON C., KAPHENGST T., McCONVILLE A., RAYMENT M., BRINK P., TUCKER G., VAN DIGGELEN R., Green Infrastructure Implementation and Efficiency, Final report for the European Commission, DG Environment on Contract ENV.B.2/SER/2010/0059, Institute for European Environmental Policy, Brussels and London 2011.
Google Scholar
MCCARTHUR R.H., WILSON E.O., The Theory of Island Biogeography, Princeton University Press, Princenton 1967.
Google Scholar
MELL IC , 2007, Green infrastructure Planning: What are the costs for Health and Wellbeing? In: Journ. of Environ., Culture, Economic and Social Sustainability vol. 3, no 5, p. 117-124.
Google Scholar
NAUMANN S., McKENNA D., KAPHENGST T. et al. ,2011, Design, implementation and cost elements of Green Infrastructure projects, Final report. Brussels: European Commission, http://ec.europa.eu/environment/enveco/biodiversity/pdf/GI_DICE_FinalReport.pdf.
Google Scholar
New York City’s 2010 Green Infrastructure Plan, http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/pdf/green_infrastructure/NYCGreenInfrastructurePlan_ExecutiveSummary.pdf.
Google Scholar
New York City DEP, The Staten Island bluebelt: A natural solution to storm water management, 2003, http://www.ci.nyc.ny.us/html/dep/html/news/bluebelt.html.
Google Scholar
The Northamptonshire Green Infrastructure Project 2005, Planning Sustainable Communities – A Green Infrastructure Guide for Milton Keynes & the South Midlands, The Countryside Agency, http://www.riverneneregionalpark.org/images/PDF_Files/River_Nene_Regional_Park/Publications/GI_Leaflet6.pdf.
Google Scholar
Northwest’s Regional Economic Strategy, 2006, The Northwest RDA, http://www.nwda.co.uk.
Google Scholar
NOSS R.F., Wildlife Corridors, in: Ecology of Greenways, eds. Smith, D.S., Hellmund, P.C., Univ. of Minnesot., Minneapolis 1993, p. 43-68.
Google Scholar
Portland’s Green Infrastructure: Quantifying the Health, Energy, and Community Livability Benefits, City of Portland Bureau of Environmental Services 2010, http://www.portland oregon.gov/bes/article/298042.
Google Scholar
Southeastern Ecological Framework Final Report, 2002, Planning and Analysis Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4, Atlanta, http://www.geoplan.ufl.edu.
Google Scholar
SCHWEIGER E. W., DIFFENDORFER J.E., HOLT R.D., PIEROTTI R., GAINES M.S., 2000, The interaction of habitat fragmentation, plant, and small mammal succession in an old field, in: Ecological Monographs 70, p. 383-400.
Google Scholar
TOCKNER K., STANFORD J.A., 2002 , Riverine flood plains: present state and future trends, in: Environ. Conserv. 29, p. 308-330.
Google Scholar
Towards a Sustainable America – Advancing Prosperity, Opportunity, and a Healthy Environment for the 21st Century, 1999, The President’s Council on Sustainable Development, U.S. Government Printing Office, http://clinton2.nara.gov/PCSD/Publications/tsa.pdf.
Google Scholar
TZOULAS K., KORPELA K., VENN S., YLI-PELKONEN V., KAŹMIERCZAK A., NIEMELA J., JAMES P., 2007, Promoting ecosystem and human health in urban areas using Green Infrastructure: A literature review, in: Landscape and Urban Planning 81, p. 167-178.
Google Scholar
WARD J.V., TOCKNER K., SCHIEMER F, 1999, Biodiversity of floodplain river ecosystems: ecotones and connectivity, in: Regul. Rivers: Res. Manage. 15, p.125-130.
Google Scholar
WHO, City Health Profiles: A review of progress, WHO Europe 1998.
Google Scholar
WOLF K., City Trees and Property Values, Seattle 2007, http://www.cfr.washington.edu/research.envmind/Policy/Hedonics_Citations.pdf.
Google Scholar
Authors
Anna ZarębaUniwersytet Wrocławski, pl. Uniwersytecki 1, 50-137 Wrocław Poland
Statistics
Abstract views: 13PDF downloads: 8
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.