Zrównoważoność rynków pracy w UE podczas kryzysu pandemii koronawirusa
Sandra Milanović
University of Niš, Faculty of Economics, Trg kralja Aleksandra Ujedinitelja 11, 18000 Niš, Serbia (Serbia)
Jelena J. Stanković
University of Niš, Faculty of Economics, Trg kralja Aleksandra Ujedinitelja 11, 18000 Niš, Serbia (Serbia)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9875-9861
Ivana Marjanović
University of Niš, Faculty of Economics, Trg kralja Aleksandra Ujedinitelja 11, 18000 Niš, Serbia (Serbia)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9526-0467
Milica Jovanović Vujatović
University of Niš, Faculty of Economics, Trg kralja Aleksandra Ujedinitelja 11, 18000 Niš, Serbia (Serbia)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6410-0938
Abstrakt
Na światowe rynki pracy znaczący wpływ miało rozprzestrzenianie się koronawirusa oraz spowodowane przez niego lockdowny i zgony. Politycy starali się złagodzić skutki pandemii COVID-19 na rynku pracy, narzucając różne środki i pakiety pomocowe. Mając na uwadze wszelkie działania na rzecz zwalczania wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na rynek pracy w latach 2020 i 2021, pojawiło się pytanie, na ile rynki pracy są odporne na skutki pandemii COVID-19 w porównaniu z rokiem poprzedzającym pandemię? Dlatego w niniejszym opracowaniu podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na to pytanie poprzez stworzenie złożonego indeksu dziesięciu wskaźników rynku pracy z wykorzystaniem metody rankingowej MOORA. Próba badawcza składa się z 27 krajów Unii Europejskiej (UE). W pierwszym kroku porównano złożone indeksy krajów w ujęciu rok do roku (2019-2020, 2019-2021 oraz 2020-2021) i nie zaobserwowano znaczących rozbieżności. W drugim kroku uchwycono różnice w klastrach geograficznych krajów, porównując ich złożone wskaźniki na lata 2020 i 2021. Wyniki badania wskazują, że pakiety pomocowe ograniczyły skutki pandemii COVID-19 na rynkach pracy UE i wzmocniły ich zrównoważoność. Utrzymała się dekoniunktura wskaźników rynku pracy w UE, tworząc dywergencję między klastrami geograficznymi odziedziczoną po poprzednich okresach. Wyniki badań wskazują na znaczenie wspólnych polityk UE w okresach kryzysowych dla wspierania stabilności unijnych rynków pracy oraz na potrzebę zachowania równowagi między unijnymi rynkami pracy w normalnych warunkach.
Słowa kluczowe:
zrównoważoność, rynek pracy, państwa UE, koronawirus, metoda MOORABibliografia
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Autorzy
Sandra MilanovićUniversity of Niš, Faculty of Economics, Trg kralja Aleksandra Ujedinitelja 11, 18000 Niš, Serbia Serbia
Autorzy
Jelena J. StankovićUniversity of Niš, Faculty of Economics, Trg kralja Aleksandra Ujedinitelja 11, 18000 Niš, Serbia Serbia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9875-9861
Autorzy
Ivana MarjanovićUniversity of Niš, Faculty of Economics, Trg kralja Aleksandra Ujedinitelja 11, 18000 Niš, Serbia Serbia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9526-0467
Autorzy
Milica Jovanović VujatovićUniversity of Niš, Faculty of Economics, Trg kralja Aleksandra Ujedinitelja 11, 18000 Niš, Serbia Serbia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6410-0938
Statystyki
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