Wyzwania rozwoju rolnictwa w Chinach – w kierunku konstruktywnego rolnictwa postmodernistycznego
Wang Zhihe
Center for Constructive Postmodern Studies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001 (Chiny)
Fan Meijun
College of Humanities and Social Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001 (Chiny)
John Ikerd
Professor Emeritus of Agricultural Economics, University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 (Stany Zjednoczone)
Abstrakt
Osiągnięcia chińskiego rolnictwa w ciągu ostatnich 30 lat wzrostu ekonomicznego są imponujące. Równie poważne są jednak także ich konsekwencje, obejmujące: znaczącą degradację środowiska, erozję gleb, utratę żyzności, skażenie żywności, zwiększanie się przepaści pomiędzy bogatymi a biednymi i rozpad lokalnych społeczności. Jak powinno się te problemy rozwiązać? Czy rolnictwo w Chinach powinno powrócić do dawnych form, czy też nadal rozwijać się w kierunku modernizacji? Czy istnieje jakaś inna alternatywna trzecia droga rozwoju rolnictwa? Zdaniem autorów tej pracy, aby rozwiązać zarysowane problemy, Chiny powinny podążyć drogą konstruktywnego postmodernistycznego rolnictwa, opartego na połączeniu zachodniego sposobu myślenia z mądrością Wschodu. Jest ono konstruktywne, ponieważ celem jest współpraca, a nie walka, z przyrodą. Jest postmodernistyczne w tym sensie, że najlepsze praktyki współczesnego rolnictwa łączy ze sprawdzonymi praktykami tradycyjnego, a także, coraz obszerniej dyskutowanego, zrównoważonego rolnictwa. Tak rozumiane rolnictwo powinno gwarantować dostarczanie zdrowej żywności dla obecnego i przyszłych pokoleń, dbając jednocześnie o żyzność gleby i ogólny dobry stan przyrody i zapewniając ekonomiczną zrównoważoność. Ponadto nie można zapomnieć o wsparciu ekonomicznym i kulturowym dla rolników i tworzonych przez nich lokalnych społeczności. Zainteresowanie konstruktywnym rolnictwem postmodernistycznym w Chinach rośnie. Przeprowadzane eksperymenty wykazują, że takie rolnictwo jest bardzo obiecujące i możliwe do wdrożenia. Jednocześnie nie należy zapominać że rozwój rolnictwa w Chinach nie pozostaje bez wpływu na światowy rynek żywności. Dlatego wybór pomiędzy dotychczasowym a konstruktywnym rolnictwem postmodernistycznym jest zagadnieniem o wymiarze globalnym.
Słowa kluczowe:
Konstruktywne rolnictwo postmodernistyczne, rolnictwo w Chinach, współczesne rolnictwo, Rolnictwo zrównoważone, rolnictwo ekologiczneBibliografia
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Autorzy
Wang ZhiheCenter for Constructive Postmodern Studies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001 Chiny
Autorzy
Fan MeijunCollege of Humanities and Social Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001 Chiny
Autorzy
John IkerdProfessor Emeritus of Agricultural Economics, University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 Stany Zjednoczone
Statystyki
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Licencja
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