Przestępstwa środowiskowe wczesnego komunizmu w Rumunii: działania wobec tzw. wrogów rolnictwa
Alexandru-Ionuţ Petrişor
Doctoral School of Urban Planning, Ion Mincu University of Architecture and Urban Planning, Str. Academiei 18-20, Bucharest, Romania, 010014 (Rumunia)
Elena Tîrzman
Department of Managerial Assistance, Administrative Assistance and Applied Information Technology, Faculty of Letters, University of Bucharest, Str. Edgar Quinet 5-7, Bucharest, Romania, 010017 (Rumunia)
Abstrakt
Początkom reżimu komunistycznego w Rumunii towarzyszyły istotne transformacje w rolnictwie (odnoszące się m.in. do hodowli i rybołówstwa), będące zarazem intensywne (mechanizacja w miejsce tradycyjnych metod gospodarowania) i ekstensywne (przekształcanie naturalnych ekosystemów, takich jak mokradła). Ponieważ plony nie wzrosły zgodnie z oczekiwaniami, konflikt z naturą został wzmocniony przez poszukiwanie wrogów wśród gatunków znajdujących się na szczycie łańcucha pokarmowego i obwinianie ich winą za straty. W celu poprawy rezultatów walki z tymi gatunkami, przygotowano kampanie medialne, równolegle wprowadzając nagrody dla myśliwych i innych osób, które stały się częścią wojny. W tym artykule, opierając się na danych statystycznych, podjęto próbę połączenia przyrodniczych skutków wspomnianych kampanii z ich wpływem na zmniejszenie bioróżnorodności. Przeprowadzona analiza wykazała, ze wśród przeprowadzonych kampanii medialnych wskazać można na te, które miały na celu wyeliminowanie konkretnych gatunków, nie pasujących do przyjętej ekonomii. Każdy przypadek odzwierciedla inne uwarunkowania; dropie zostały wyeliminowane przez niedbalstwo (chronione tylko formalnie, a nie w rzeczywistości); Pelikan został wyeliminowany z powodu niewystarczającej wiedzy i sprzecznych zaleceń; a wilk został skazany na śmierć świadomie. Należy podkreślić, że choć wielu autorów promuje obecnie politykę komunistyczną i ekologiczną, to rzeczywiste praktyki komunistyczne wywarły zdecydowanie szkodliwy wpływ na środowisko, pomimo ich pozornie proekologicznego wyglądu.
Słowa kluczowe:
pelikan, wilk, drop, sęp, wyginięcie, degradacja, rolnictwoBibliografia
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Autorzy
Alexandru-Ionuţ PetrişorDoctoral School of Urban Planning, Ion Mincu University of Architecture and Urban Planning, Str. Academiei 18-20, Bucharest, Romania, 010014 Rumunia
Autorzy
Elena TîrzmanDepartment of Managerial Assistance, Administrative Assistance and Applied Information Technology, Faculty of Letters, University of Bucharest, Str. Edgar Quinet 5-7, Bucharest, Romania, 010017 Rumunia
Statystyki
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Licencja
Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Na tych samych warunkach 4.0 Miedzynarodowe.
