Funkcja i postrzeganie usług pełnionych przez ekosystemy miejskie w społeczeństwie
Fredrik Edlund
Enviroment and Energysystems, Karlstads University, Karlstad, Sweden (Szwecja)
Abstrakt
Rozprzestrzenianie się miast, który odbywa się obecnie na całym świecie, doprowadziło do największego stałego zajęcia gruntów, oznaczającego zniszczenie ekosystemów i wyczerpywania się zasobów naturalnych. Obecnie około 50% światowej populacji mieszka w miastach i szacuje się, że do 2030 r. będzie to około 70%. To, że gromadzimy się coraz liczniej w miastach, oznacza, że musimy transportować duże ilości zasobów do tych obszarów, co powoduje powstawanie odpadów i emisji zanieczyszczeń, co obciąża sąsiadujące z miastami środowisko do jego granic. Prowadzi to do powstawania problemów odnoszących się zarówno do ludzkiego zdrowia, jak i gospodarki społecznej, ponieważ ekosystemy, które mają nam pomagać, ulegają zniszczeniu. Aby temu przeciwdziałać, konieczne jest lepsze planowanie miast, które uwzględniałoby pełnione przez środowisko w społeczeństwie usługi ekosystemowe. Problemem jest to, że takie usługi nie mają one wartości handlowej, co utrudnia ich uznanie, ponieważ nie wskazują na żadne korzyści ekonomiczne. Dlatego konieczne jest pogłębienie wiedzy na temat ich znaczenia, aby można było je skorelować z tym, jak służą społeczeństwu w trzech wymiarach: ekonomicznym, społecznym i środowiskowym.
Słowa kluczowe:
usługi ekosystemowe, zielona infrastruktura, planowanie miast, urbanizacjaBibliografia
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Autorzy
Fredrik EdlundEnviroment and Energysystems, Karlstads University, Karlstad, Sweden Szwecja
Statystyki
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