Czynniki jakości życia w grupie wybranych krajów Unii Europejskiej i OECD

Magdaléna Drastichová


Technical University of Ostrava, Czechia (Czechy)

Peter Filzmoser


Vienna University of Technology, Austria (Austria)

Abstrakt

Niniejsza praca koncentruje się na ocenie czynników jakości życia na próbie 26 krajów. Jakość życia to złożone, wielowymiarowe pojęcie, które obejmuje różne aspekty społeczne, kulturowe, ekonomiczne, polityczne, demograficzne i środowiskowe. W związku z tym wybrano analizę głównych składowych i analizę regresji jako odpowiednie metody analizy relacji między 25 zmiennymi odnoszącymi się do jakości życia oraz ich związków z trzema złożonymi wskaźnikami odzwierciedlającymi kluczowe aspekty jakości życia, dobrostanu i zrównoważonego rozwoju. Wskaźniki te, stosowane jako zmienne odpowiedzi w analizie regresji, obejmują skorygowaną o nierówności alternatywę wskaźnika rozwoju społecznego (IHDI), wskaźnika szczęśliwej planety (HPI) i wskaźnika lat zdrowego życia (HLY). IHDI stanowi obiektywny wskaźnik rozwoju człowieka i dobrobytu. HLY odzwierciedla jakość życia w kategoriach zdrowia. HPI łączy w sobie efektywność ekologiczną, z jaką zapewnia dobrostan człowieka, a także subiektywną miarę dobrostanu. Ponieważ każdy z tych wskaźników w pewnym stopniu reprezentuje różne aspekty jakości życia, niektóre czynniki (reprezentowane przez wybrane wskaźniki) wpływały na nie w różny sposób. Po zastosowaniu regresji Lasso zidentyfikowano dziewięć z 25 wskaźników – reprezentujących kluczowe czynniki jakości życia. Wskaźnik zabójstw (będący czynnikiem bezpieczeństwa) wpłynął negatywnie na wszystkie trzy wskaźniki, natomiast lata nauki (będące czynnikiem wykształcenia) i zadowolenie z życia – subiektywny wskaźnik dobrostanu reprezentujący wymiar o tej samej nazwie – wpłynęły na nie pozytywnie.


Słowa kluczowe:

zdrowie, rozwój człowieka, jakość życia, zrównoważony rozwój, analiza regresji, analiza głównych składowych

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Opublikowane
2021-07-01

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Drastichová, M., & Filzmoser, P. (2021). Czynniki jakości życia w grupie wybranych krajów Unii Europejskiej i OECD. Problemy Ekorozwoju Problems of Sustainable Development, 16(2), 75–93. https://doi.org/10.35784/pe.2021.2.09

Autorzy

Magdaléna Drastichová 

Technical University of Ostrava, Czechia Czechy

Autorzy

Peter Filzmoser 

Vienna University of Technology, Austria Austria

Statystyki

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