Ocena strategii ochrony lasów pod kątem przywracania różnorodności biologicznej i zrównoważonego rozwoju: globalna analiza porównawcza
Rima H. Binsaeed
King Saud University, College of Business Administration, Department of Management, Riyadh (Arabia Saudyjska)
Abdelmohsen A. Nassani
King Saud University, College of Business Administration, Department of Management, Riyadh (Arabia Saudyjska)
Khalid Zaman
khalid_zaman786@yahoo.comThe University of Haripur, Department of Economics, Haripur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan)
Zeeshan Arshad
Universidade de Aveiro, Department of Environment and Planning, CESAM /Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro (Portugalia)
Mohamed Haffar
University of Birmingham, Birmingham Business School, Department of Management, Birmingham (Wielka Brytania)
Dadang Yunus Lutfiansyah
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Department of Community Education, Kota Bandung (Indonezja)
Kamalularifin Subari
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Faculty of Social Sciences & Humanities, Johor (Malezja)
Hailan Salamun
Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Studies (PPAL), Department of Nationhood and Civilization, Terengganu (Malezja)
Abstrakt
Rosnące tempo wylesiania stwarza poważne wyzwania dla gospodarki światowej, w tym groźbę utraty siedlisk zagrożonych gatunków i spadek rezerw pojemności biologicznej przyrody. Sytuacja ta budzi również obawy związane z przeludnieniem i nadmierną produkcją, co może zniweczyć wysiłki na rzecz ochrony przyrody. Odnosząc się do tej kwestii, Cel Zrównoważonego Rozwoju nr 15 Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych kładzie nacisk na zarządzanie zasobami leśnymi, zapobieganie utracie siedlisk, zwalczanie pustynnienia i poszerzanie rezerwatów różnorodności biologicznej. Jego realizacja odgrywa kluczową rolę w ochronie dzikiej przyrody, łagodzeniu migracji ze wsi do miast i ochronie zasobów gruntów. Biorąc pod uwagę znaczenie tego problemu, w niniejszym badaniu zbadano wpływ ciągłego wylesiania tropikalnego na utratę siedlisk zagrożonych gatunków, przy jednoczesnym kontrolowaniu rezerw pojemności biologicznego, urbanizacji, wzrostu gospodarczego i industrializacji na dużej próbie 159 krajów, podzielonych dalej na kategorie o niskim, krajach o średnich i wysokich dochodach. Wyniki analiz przekrojowych i regresji kwantylowej pokazują, że wyższe wskaźniki wylesiania, wzmożona migracja ze wsi do miast i większa industrializacja zagrażają siedliskom zagrożonych gatunków. I odwrotnie, zwiększone rezerwy pojemności biologicznej i wzrost gospodarczy przyczyniają się do odbudowy dzikiej fauny i flory. Szacunki przyczynowości Grangera uwydatniają jednokierunkowe związki między wylesianiem a utratą różnorodności biologicznej (a także rezerwami pojemności biologicznej), podczas gdy wylesianie i industrializacja wykazują dwukierunkową przyczynowość. Wyniki wskazują ponadto, że trwały wzrost gospodarczy prowadzi do wylesiania, rezerw pojemności biologicznych i urbanizacji, podczas gdy urbanizacja przyczynia się do wylesiania. Podkreśla to rolę wylesiania jako głównego czynnika powodującego utratę siedlisk zagrożonych gatunków i wyczerpywanie się pojemności biologicznej, co sprzyja masowej produkcji. Wykazano, że urbanizacja i wzrost gospodarczy są powiązane przyczynowo z wylesianiem w różnych krajach. Badanie podkreśla pilną potrzebę zabezpieczenia rezerwatów leśnych przed przekształcaniem gruntów na dużą skalę w celu rozwoju infrastruktury, industrializacji i zasiedlania przeludnionych obszarów miejskich, ponieważ czynniki te przyczyniają się do degradacji siedlisk i utraty różnorodności biologicznej. Ochrona, przywracanie i promowanie zrównoważonego wykorzystania ekosystemów to podstawowe środki pozwalające zaradzić naturalnym niepewnościom i osiągać zrównoważony rozwój.
Słowa kluczowe:
wylesianie, utrata różnorodności biologicznej, rezerwy pojemności biologicznej, urbanizacja, industrializacja, wzrost gospodarczy, regresja kwantylowaBibliografia
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Autorzy
Rima H. BinsaeedKing Saud University, College of Business Administration, Department of Management, Riyadh Arabia Saudyjska
Autorzy
Abdelmohsen A. NassaniKing Saud University, College of Business Administration, Department of Management, Riyadh Arabia Saudyjska
Autorzy
Khalid Zamankhalid_zaman786@yahoo.com
The University of Haripur, Department of Economics, Haripur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
Autorzy
Zeeshan ArshadUniversidade de Aveiro, Department of Environment and Planning, CESAM /Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro Portugalia
Autorzy
Mohamed HaffarUniversity of Birmingham, Birmingham Business School, Department of Management, Birmingham Wielka Brytania
Autorzy
Dadang Yunus LutfiansyahUniversitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Department of Community Education, Kota Bandung Indonezja
Autorzy
Kamalularifin SubariUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Faculty of Social Sciences & Humanities, Johor Malezja
Autorzy
Hailan SalamunMalaysia Terengganu (UMT), Centre for Fundamental and Continuing Studies (PPAL), Department of Nationhood and Civilization, Terengganu Malezja
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