Human Progress Towards Equitable Sustainable Development: A Philosophical Exploration

Victor Udo


Manager, Enterprise Risk Governance and Policy, Pepco Holdings Inc., Energy and Technology Center, P.O. Box 6066, Newark, DE 19714, USA (United States)

Artur Pawłowski


Lublin University of Technology, Environmental Engineering Faculty, ul. Nadbystrzycka 40B, 20-618 Lublin, Poland (Poland)


Abstract

This paper suggests a new paradigm for understanding and managing global human progress in the context of overall sustainability of our planet. It deals with the complex interrelationship between society, technology, and the environment from the global perspective. The authors use the Cascaded –S Curve Model to explore humanity progress and the challenge of sustainability from the first human to the contemporary.  They observed that major historical and teleological human progress tends to occur in five critical stages:  the existing level of progress, crisis-breakthrough stage, breakthrough education stage, transformative action stage, and a new level of progress stage.

The paper characterizes contemporary human level of progress as globalization based on a dogmatic free market economy that neglects the sustainability of the human civilization, which are in the edge of exhausting non-renewable resources and deterioration of the environment below the carrying capacity that can support the future generation of humankind. The emerging reality that the developing world cannot reach a level of consumption of the present developed world and the developed world will not be able to retain the present level of consumption is a sufficient trigger for the five stage human progress towards equitable global sustainable development.  The collective will of the family of nations to manage such transition from today’s existing level of progress based on extractive consumerism to the new level of progress based on renewable sustainability requires crisis-breakthrough, education-breakthrough and transformative action by all stakeholders – every human being.


Keywords:

Cascaded S Curve Model, globalization, sustainable consumerism

ANNAN K., 1998, The Causes of Conflict and the Promotion of Durable Peace and Sustainable Develop-ment in Africa. Report to the United Nations Security Council, April 1998, retrieved August 15, 2001, from: http://www.un.org/ecosocdev/geninfo/afrec/sgreport/index.html
  Google Scholar

ALBERT D. S., CZERWINSKI T. J., Complexity, Global Politics and National Security, National Defense University Symposium, Washington D.C. 1996.
  Google Scholar

ALVARES, C., Decolonizing History: Technology and Culture in India, China, and the West, 1492 to the Present Day, Apex Press, New York 1991.
  Google Scholar

AYUPAN L. B., OLIVEROS T. G., Filipino Peasant Women in Defense of Life, in: Close to Home: Women Reconnect Ecology, Health, and Development Worldwide, ed. Shiva V., New Society, Philadelphia 1994, pp. 113-120.
  Google Scholar

BABBIE E., The Practice of Social Research, Wadsworth/Thompson Learning, Belmont 2001.
  Google Scholar

BAKER B., Exploring Complex Adaptive Systems: A Literature Review, CSIRO Wildlife and Ecology’s Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) Group, Canberra 1999.
  Google Scholar

BAZIN M., 1986, The Technological Mystique and Third World Options, in: Monthly Review, July/August 1986, pp. 99 109.
  Google Scholar

BECKERMAN W., Through Green-colored Glasses: Environmentalism Reconsidered, Cato Institute, Washington DC 1996.
  Google Scholar

BELL D., 1989, The Third Technological Revolution and its Possible Socio-economic Consequences, in: Dissent, Spring, pp. 164-176.
  Google Scholar

BELL T. E., DOOLING D., Technologies for Society's Infrastructure, in: Engineering Tomorrow: Today's Technology Experts Envision the Next Century, ed. Fouke J., IEEE Press, New York 2000, pp. 31-77.
  Google Scholar

BHALLA A. S., Globalization, Growth and Marginalization, St. Martin's Press, New York 1998.
  Google Scholar

BLAKIE N., Approaches to Social Enquiry, Polity Press, Cambridge MA 1995.
  Google Scholar

BOGNAR J., Global Problems in an Interdependent World, in: The Global Economy: Today, Tomorrow, and the Transition, ed. Didsbury H.F., World Future Society, Bethesda 1985, pp. 16-32.
  Google Scholar

BORJA J., CASTELLS M., Local and Global Management of Cities in the Information Age, Earthscan, London 1997.
  Google Scholar

CANNON T., Welcome to the Revolution: Managing Paradox in the Information Age, Pitman, London 1996.
  Google Scholar

CAPON N., The Product Life Cycle, in: The AMA Management Handbook, ed. Hampton J.J., AMACOM (3rd edition), New York 1994, pp. 2-18-2-25.
  Google Scholar

CAPRA F., A New Scientific Understanding of Living Systems: The Web of Life, Anchor Books, New York 1996.
  Google Scholar

CAPRA F., PAULI G. (eds.), Steering Business Toward Sustainability, United Nations University Press, New York 1995.
  Google Scholar

CHAITKIN A., The Franklin School Starts Modern England, Retrieved October, 22, 2000, from The American Almanac online may 1997, http://members.tripod.com/~american_almanac/chaiben.htm
  Google Scholar

CHARLES C. A., FURAR L. E., Building the Global Information Economy: A Roadmap from the Global Information Infrastructure Commission, Global Information Infrastructure Commission (GIIC) Report, Washington, DC 1998.
  Google Scholar

CHIA R., 1998, From Complexity Science to Complex Thinking: Organization as Simple Location, in: Organization, 5(3), pp. 341-369.
  Google Scholar

CHOPRA K. R., Participatory Development: People and Common Property Resources, Sage, Newbury Park CA 1990.
  Google Scholar

CHRISTENSEN C. M., The Evolution of Innovation, in: The Technology Management Handbook, ed. Dorf R.C., CRC Press and IEEE Press, Boca Raton 1999, pp. 3-4-3-11.
  Google Scholar

CILLERS P., Complexity and Postmodernism: Understanding Complex Systems, Routledge, London 2000.
  Google Scholar

CLEAVER H., Computer-linked Social Movements and the Global Threat to Capitalism, retrieved January, 10, 2000, from: http://www.oco.utexas.edu/Homepages/Faculty/Cleaver/polnet/html
  Google Scholar

COGBURN D. L. (ed.), Information and Communications for Development: Nationalism, Regionalism, and Globalism in Building Information Society, Global Information Infrastructure Commission Report, Center for Strategic & International Studies, Washington, D.C. 1996.
  Google Scholar

Commission On Global Governance, Our Global Neighborhood, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1998.
  Google Scholar

CONCA K., DABELKO G. D., 1998, Green Planet Blues: Environmental Politics from Stockholm to Kyoto, Westview Press, Boulder CO 1998.
  Google Scholar

CONTRACTOR N. S., 1998, Self-organizing Systems Research in the Social Sciences: Reconciling the Metaphors and the Models. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the International Communication Association, Jerusalem, Israel, retrieved February, 26, 2001, from: http://www.tec.spcomm.uiuc.edu/nosh/icassost/nc.html.
  Google Scholar

COOK E., Man, Energy, Society, Freeman, San Francisco 1976.
  Google Scholar

CRAHAN M. E., VOURVOULIAS-BUSH, A. (eds.), The City and the World: New York's Global Future, Council on Foreign Relations Book, New York 1997.
  Google Scholar

DALY H., 1990, Sustainable Growth: An Impossibility Theorem, in: Development, 3(4), pp. 45 47.
  Google Scholar

DE ANGELIS M., 1996, The Autonomy of the Economy and Globalization, retrieved November, 20, 2000, from: http://Lists.Village.Virginia.edu/spoons/aut-html/glob.html
  Google Scholar

DENHARDT R. B., 1981, Toward a Critical Theory of Public Organization, in: Public Administration Review, 41, pp. 628-635.
  Google Scholar

DEWAN A. H., Measuring Sustainable Development: Problems and Prospects, unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Texas, Austin 1998.
  Google Scholar

DEWEY J., The Public and its Problems, Alan Swallow, Denver CO 1927.
  Google Scholar

DOOLEY K., 1996, A Complex Adaptive System: A Nominal Definition, in: The Chaos Network, 8(1), pp. 2-3.
  Google Scholar

DOOLEY K., 1997, A Complex Adaptive Systems Model of Organization Change, in: Nonlinear Dynamics, Psychology, and Life Science, 1(1), pp. 69-97.
  Google Scholar

DOORMAN F., Global Development: Problems, Solutions, Strategy, A Proposal for Socially Just, Ecologically Sustainable Growth, International Books, Utrecht, Netherlands 1998.
  Google Scholar

DRUCKER P. F., 1966, The First Technological Revolution and its Lessons, in: Technology and Culture, 7(2), pp. 143-151.
  Google Scholar

Electric Perspective, Finding Common Ground on Climate Change, Edison Electric Institute, Washington DC 2009, pp. 9, 18-25, 58-61.
  Google Scholar

Electric Power Research Institute, Electricity technology Roadmap: Powering Progress, EPRI Distribution Center, Pleasant Hills CA 1999.
  Google Scholar

ELLUL J., The Technological Society, Vintage Books, New York 1964.
  Google Scholar

Environment Canada, 1997, Sustainable Development Strategy, retrieved June, 29, 2000, from: http://www.ec.gc.ca/sd-dd_consult/Final/SDG13_E.HTM.
  Google Scholar

ESCOBAR A., Constructing Nature: Elements for a Poststructural Political Ecology, in: Liberation Ecologies: Environment, Development, Social Movement, eds. Peet R., Watts M., Routledge, New York 1996, pp.46-68.
  Google Scholar

ESTEVA G., Development, in: The Development Dictionary: A Guide to Knowledge as Power, ed. Sachs W., Zed Books, Atlantic Highlands NJ 1992, pp. 6-25.
  Google Scholar

FALOLA T., The History of Nigeria, Greenwood Press, Westport CT 1999.
  Google Scholar

FAY B., Social Theory and Political Practice, Holmes and Meier, New York 1975.
  Google Scholar

FAY B., Critical Social Science: Liberation and its Limits, Cornell University Press, Ithaca NY 1987.
  Google Scholar

FEENBERG A., Critical Theory of Technology, Oxford University Press, New York 1991.
  Google Scholar

FEENBERG A., 2000, From Essentialism to Constructivism: Philosophy of Technology at the Crossroads, retrieved June, 7, 2001, from: http://www.rohan.sdsu.edu/faculty/feenberg/talk4.html
  Google Scholar

FELLENSTEIN G., WOOD R., Exploring E-commerce, Global E-business, and E societies, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River NJ 2000.
  Google Scholar

FOSTER J. B. The Vulnerable Planet: A Short Economic History of the Environment, Monthly Review Press, New York 1994.
  Google Scholar

Freedom House, 2001, Freedom in the World 2000 Report, retrieved September, 2001, from: http://www.freedomhouse.org/research/
  Google Scholar

FRIEDMAN J., MILLER J., 1965,, The Urban Field, in: Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 31, pp. 312-320.
  Google Scholar

GARCIA J. D., 1991, Creative Transformation: A Practical Guide for Maximizing Creativity, retrieved September, 17, 2001 from: http://www.see.org/e-ct-dex.htm
  Google Scholar

GELL-MANN M., The Quark and the Jaguar, Freeman, New York 1994.
  Google Scholar

GLENN J. C., GORDON T. J., 2001 State of the Future, The Millennium Projects 2001, American Council for the United Nations University, Washington DC 2001.
  Google Scholar

GORE A., Earth in the Balance: Ecology and the Human Spirit, Penguin Books, New York 1993.
  Google Scholar

GUINIER L., The Tyranny of the Majority, Basic Books, New York 1994.
  Google Scholar

GRAHAM S., MARVIN S., Splintering Urbanism: Networked Infrastructures, Technological Mobilities and the Urban Condition, Routledge, New York 2001.
  Google Scholar

HABERMAS J., Theory and Practice, Beacon Press, Boston 1974.
  Google Scholar

HAGE J., Theories of Organization, John Wiley, New York 1980.
  Google Scholar

HALL R. H., Organizations: Structures, Processes and Outcomes, Prentice Hall (7th ed.), Upper Saddle River, NJ 1999.
  Google Scholar

HARGADON A. B., Diffusion of Innovations, in: The Technology Management Handbook, ed. Dorf R. C., IEEE Press, Boca Raton 1999, pp. 3-20-3-27.
  Google Scholar

HARRISON L. E., HUNTINGTON S. P. (eds.), Culture Matters: How Values Shape Human Progress, Basic Books, New York 2000.
  Google Scholar

HARVEY D., The Condition of Post-modernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change, Basil Blackwell, Cambridge MA 1989.
  Google Scholar

HASENCLEVER A., MAYER P., RITTBERGER V., Theories of International Regimes, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge UK 1999.
  Google Scholar

HAWKEN P., LOVINS A., LOVINS L. H., Natural Capitalism: Creating the Next Industrial Revolution, Little Brown, Boston 1999.
  Google Scholar

HAYS S. P., The Response to Industrialism 1885-1914, University of Chicago Press, Chicago 1995.
  Google Scholar

HOLLAND J. H., Hidden Order, Addison-Wesley, Reading MA 1995.
  Google Scholar

HYMAN L. S., America's Electric Utilities: Past, Present and Future, Public Utilities Reports (5th ed.), Arlington VA 1994.
  Google Scholar

IEEE Spectrum, 2001, Technology 2001 Analysis and Forecast: Always on: Living in a Networked World, retrieved February, 10, 2001, from: http://www.spectrum.ieee.org
  Google Scholar

IMD International, The 2001 World Competitiveness Yearbook, Author, Lausanne, Switzerland 2001.
  Google Scholar

International Institute for Sustainable Development, Indicators for Sustainable Development: Theory, Method and Applications, A Report to the Balaton Group by Hartmut Bossel, Author, Winnipeg, Manitoba 1999.
  Google Scholar

International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2001, The Measure of Progress: The Dashboard of Sustainability, retrieved December, 15, 2001, from: http://www.iisd.org
  Google Scholar

International Telecommunications Union, 1999, Challenges to the Network: Internet for Development, retrieved October, 21, 2000, from: http://www.itu.int/ti
  Google Scholar

JAFFEE D., Levels of Socio-economic Development Theory, Praeger, London 1998.
  Google Scholar

JANTSCH E., The Self-organizing Universe, Pergaman Press, Oxford 1980.
  Google Scholar

KAHIN B., NESSON C., Borders in Cyberspace: Information Policy and the Global Information Infrastructure, MIT Press, Cambridge MA 1997.
  Google Scholar

KAPLAN R. S., NORTON D. P., The Balanced Scorecard, Harvard Business School Press, Boston 1996.
  Google Scholar

KAUFMAN R., THIAGARAJAN S., MACGILLIS P., The Guidebook for Performance Improvement: Working with Individuals and Organizations, Pfeiffer, San Francisco 1997.
  Google Scholar

KAUFMANN D., KRAAY A., ZOIDO-LOBATÓN P., Aggregating Governance Indicators, World Bank, Washington D.C. 1999.
  Google Scholar

KAUFFMAN S., At Home in the Universe: The Search for Laws of Self-organization and Complexity, Ox-ford University Press, Oxford 1995.
  Google Scholar

KEARLNEY A. T., 2001, Measuring Globalization, retrieved August, 27, 2001, from: http://www.foreignpolicy.com/issue_janfeb_2001/atkearney.html.
  Google Scholar

KEGLEY C. W. Jr., WITTKOPF E. R., World Politics: Trends and Transformations, Worth (7th edition), New York 1999.
  Google Scholar

KEOHANE R. O., After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy, Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 1984.
  Google Scholar

KIMBALL C. A., 1998, Biblical Interpretation of World History, retrieved July, 7, 2001, from: http://pages.ancientsite.com/~Berosus_Etana/Worldhis/Index.htm
  Google Scholar

KLING J., Complex Society/Complex Cities: New Social Movements and the Restructuring of Urban Space, in: Mobilizing the community, eds. Fisher R., Kling J., Sage, Newbury Park CA 1993, pp. 28-51.
  Google Scholar

KOCH R., Financial Times A-Z of Management and Finance: The Definitive Guide to Tools, Terms and Techniques, Financial Times/Pitman, London 1995.
  Google Scholar

KRASNER S. D., 2001, Sovereignity, retrieved August, 27, 2001, from: http://www.foreignpolicy.com/issue_janfeb_2001
  Google Scholar

KUHN T. S., The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, University of Chicago Press, Chicago 1970.
  Google Scholar

LARRAIN J., Theories of Development: Capitalism, Colonialism, and Dependency, Polity Press, Cambridge 1989.
  Google Scholar

LEWIN R., Complexity: Life at the Edge of Chaos, MacMillan, New York 1992.
  Google Scholar

LOW M., Representation Unbounded: Globalization and Democracy, in: Spaces of Globalization, ed. Cox K.R., Guilford Press, New York 1997, pp. 240-280.
  Google Scholar

LUMLEY T., 1997, Complexity & the Learning Organization, in: Complexity, 2(5), pp. 14-22.
  Google Scholar

LUSTINGER-THALER H., SHRAGEE E., 1998, The New Urban Left: Parties Without Actors, in: International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 22(2), pp. 232-244.
  Google Scholar

MACISAAC, D., 1996, The Critical Theory of Jurgen Habermas, retrieved February, 5, 2001, from: http://www.physics.nau.edu/~danmac/habcritthy.html.
  Google Scholar

MARX K., The Process of Capitalist Production, in: Capital: A Critique of Political Economy Vol. 1, Random House, New York 1907 (original work published in 1867), pp. 405-422, 430-478.
  Google Scholar

MASLOW A., 1943, A Theory of Human Motivation, in: Psychological Review, 50, pp. 370-396.
  Google Scholar

MCLEAN I., Concise Oxford Dictionary of Politics, Oxford University Press, Oxford UK 1996.
  Google Scholar

MCQUILLAN A. G., PRESTON A. L. (eds.), Globally and Locally: Seeking a Middle Path to Sustainable Development, University Press of America, Lanham MD 1998.
  Google Scholar

MEDD W., HAYNES P., 1998, Complexity and the Social, retrieved January, 11, 2001, from: http://www.keele.ac.uk/depts./stt/cstt2/medd.htm.
  Google Scholar

METZ H. C., 1991, Nigeria: A Country Study, Library of Congress, Washington D.C., retrieved August, 26, 2001 from: http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/ngtoc.html.
  Google Scholar

MORGAN G., Imagination: New Mindsets for Seeing, Organizing, and Managing, Berrett-Koehler, San Francisco 1993.
  Google Scholar

MURCOTT S., 1997, Definitions of Sustainable Development. A compilation for American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Annual Conference, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) Sustainability Indicators Symposium Seattle, WA, retrieved August 25, 2000, from: http://www.sustainableliving.org/appen-a.htm.
  Google Scholar

MUMFORD L., Technics and Civilization, Harcourt, Brace, New York 1934.
  Google Scholar

NAISBITT J., Global Paradox: The Bigger the World Economy, the More Powerful its Smallest Players, William Morrow, New York 1994.
  Google Scholar

National Research Council Board on Sustainable Development, Our Common Journey: A Transition Toward Sustainability, National Academy Press, Washington DC 1999.
  Google Scholar

New England Complex Systems Institute, 2000, Concepts in Complex Systems, retrieved August, 15, 2001, from: http://necsi.org/guide/whatis.html.
  Google Scholar

NORGAARD R., Development Betrayed: The End of Progress and a Coevolutionary Revisioning of the Future, Routledge, New York 1994.
  Google Scholar

NOVAK T. P., HOFFMAN D. L., 1998, Bridging the Digital Divide: The Impact of Race on Computer Access and Internet Use, retrieved June, 17, 2000, from: http://ecommerce.Vanderbilt.edu/ papers/race/science.html
  Google Scholar

Norvartis Foundation for Sustainable Development, 1999a, Sustainable Development at the Turn of the Century: Perception, Reality, and Outlook, retrieved May, 27, 2000, from: http://www.foundation.norvartis.com/sustainable-development.htm
  Google Scholar

Norvartis Foundation for Sustainable Development, 1999b, Sustainable Development: A Common Challenge for North and South, retrieved May, 27, 2000, from: http://www.foundation.norvartis.com/sustainable-development.htm.
  Google Scholar

Norvartis Foundation for Sustainable Development, 1999c, Development Assistance at the Threshold of the 21st Century, retrieved May, 27, 2000, from: http://www.foundation.norvartis.com/sustainabledevelopment.htm.
  Google Scholar

OJO B. A. (ed.), Problems and Prospects of Sustaining Democracy in Nigeria: Voices of a Generation, Nova Science, Huntington NY 2001.
  Google Scholar

OLSON E. E., EOYANG G., Facilitating Organization Change: Lessons from Complexity Science, Jossey-Bass/Pfeiffer, San Francisco 2001.
  Google Scholar

ONIMODE B., A Political Economy of the African Crisis, Zed Books, Atlantic Highlands, NJ 1988.
  Google Scholar

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 1999, The Interim Report on the OECD 3 year Project on Sustainable Development, retrieved May, 27, 2000, from: http://www.oecd.org//subject/sustdev/sitemap.htm
  Google Scholar

PAWŁOWSKI A., 2008, How Many Dimen¬sions Does Sustainable Development Have?, in: Sustainable Development vol. 16 no 2, pp. 81-90.
  Google Scholar

PAWŁOWSKI A., 2009, Rewolucja Rozwoju Zrównoważonego/Sustainable Development Revolution, in: Problemy Ekorozwoju/ Problems of Sustainable Development vol. 4 no 1/2009, pp. 65-76.
  Google Scholar

PHILIPS C. F. Jr., The Regulation of Public Utilities: Theory and Practice, Public Utilities, Arlington, VA 1993.
  Google Scholar

PLSEK P., LINDBERG C., ZIMMERMAN B., 2001, Some Emerging Principles for Managing in Complex Adaptive Systems, retrieved November, 10, 2001, from: http://www.vha.com/edgeplace/think/main_filing1.html
  Google Scholar

POPKIN R. H., STROLL A., Philosophy Made Simple, Doubleday (2nd rev. ed.), New York 1993.
  Google Scholar

POPOVICH M. G. (ed.)., Creating High Performance Government Organizations, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco 1998.
  Google Scholar

REDCLIFT M., Development and the Environmental Crisis: Red or Green Alternative? Methuen, New York 1984.
  Google Scholar

REINICKE W. H., DENG F., 2000, Critical Choices and the United Nations, Networks, and the Future of Global Governance, International Development Research Center, Ottawa, Canada, retrieved October, 22, 2001, from: http:// www.globalpublicpolicy.net
  Google Scholar

RENSHAW E. F., The End of Progress: Adjusting to a No-growth Economy, Wadsworth, Belmont CA 1976.
  Google Scholar

RITTBERGER V., Regime Theory and International Relations, Oxford University Press, New York 1997.
  Google Scholar

ROSECRANCE R., 1996, The Rise of the Virtual State, in: Foreign Affairs, 75(4), pp. 45-61.
  Google Scholar

ROSENAU J. N., Many Damn Things Simultaneously: Complexity Theory and World Affairs, in: Complexity, global politics and national security, Chapter 4, eds. Albert D.S., Czerwinski T.J., National Defense University, Washington DC 1996.
  Google Scholar

ROSENAU J. N., Along the Domestic-foreign Frontier: Exploring Governance in a Turbulent World, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge UK 1997.
  Google Scholar

ROSENAU J., CZEMPIED E. O. (eds.), Governance Without Government: Order and Change in World Politics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge UK 1998.
  Google Scholar

ROSENBERG N., Technology and American Economic Growth, M. E. Sharpe, New York 1972.
  Google Scholar

ROSENBERG N., Inside the Black Box: Technology and Economics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge UK 1982.
  Google Scholar

ROSENBERG N., Science-technology-Economy Interactions, in: Economics of Technology, ed. Granstrand O., Elsevier Science, Amsterdam 1994, pp. 323-337.
  Google Scholar

ROSENBERG N., Chemical Engineering as a General Purpose Technology, in: General Purpose Technologies and Economic Growth, ed. Helpman E., MIT Press, Cambridge MA 1998.
  Google Scholar

ROSTOW W. W., The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non Communist Manifesto, Cambridge University Press (3rd edition), New York 1990.
  Google Scholar

RUBAAI A., UDO V., 1992, An Adaptive Control Scheme For Load-frequency Control of Multi-area Power Systems, part I and part II, in: Electric Power Systems Research Journal, 24, pp. 183 197.
  Google Scholar

RUBAAI A., UDO V., 1994, Self-tuning Load Frequency Control: Multilevel Adaptive Approach, in: Institute of Electrical Engineers Proceedings on Generation, Transmission and Distribution, 141(4), pp. 285-290.
  Google Scholar

RUTTAN V. W., Technology, Growth, and Development: An Induced Innovation Perspective, Oxford University Press, New York 2001.
  Google Scholar

SACHS J., Notes on a New Sociology of Economic Development, in: Culture Matters: How Values Shape Human Progress, eds. Harrison L.E., Huntington S.P., Basic Books, New York 2000, pp.24-43.
  Google Scholar

SACHS W., Global Ecology and the Shadow of Development, in: New Arena of Political Conflict, ed. Sachs W., Zed Books, Atlantic Highlands NJ 1993, pp.3-21.
  Google Scholar

SAMPLER J., 1999, Redefining Industry Structure for the Information Age, in: Strategic Management Journal,19(4), pp. 343-355.
  Google Scholar

SARACCO R., HARROW J. R., WEIHMAYER R., The Disappearance of Telecommunications, Insti-tute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Communication Society, Piscataway NJ 1999.
  Google Scholar

SCHUMACHER E. F., Small is Beautiful: Economics as if People Mattered, Harper and Row, New York 1973.
  Google Scholar

SCHUMPETER J., 1949, Science and Ideology, in: American Economic Review, pp. 345 359.
  Google Scholar

SHEPARD J. M., Sociology, Wadsworth (7th edition), New York 1999.
  Google Scholar

SHEPARD S., Telecommunication Convergence: How to Profit From the Convergence of Technologies, Services, and Companies, McGraw-Hill, New York 2000.
  Google Scholar

SHIVA V., The Violence of the Green Revolution: Third World Agriculture, Ecology and Politics, Zed Books, Atlantic Highlands NJ 1991.
  Google Scholar

SMART B., Postmodern Social Theory, in: Social Theory, ed. Turner B.S., Blackwell, Cambridge MA 1996, pp. 396-428.
  Google Scholar

STIGLITZ J., 1999, Scan Globally, Reinvent Locally: Knowledge Infrastructure and the Localization of Knowledge, paper presented at the First Global Development Network Conference, Bonn, Germany.
  Google Scholar

STONE C., 1993, Urban Regimes and the Capacity to Govern: A Political Economy Approach, in: Journal of Urban Affairs, 15(1), pp. 1-28.
  Google Scholar

TANER O., Legislating for Sustainable Development, in: Current Issues in Planning Vol. 2, eds. Trench S., Taner O., Averbury, Brookfield, Hampshire, New Zealand 1995, pp. 284-293.
  Google Scholar

The Ecologist, Whose Common Future: Reclaiming the Commons, New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island BC Canada 1993.
  Google Scholar

The Heritage Foundation, 2001, The 2001 Index of Economic Freedom, retrieved June 26, 2001, from: http://www.heritage.org/research/features/index/2001
  Google Scholar

THEODOULOU S. Z., CAHN M. A., Public Policy: The Essential Readings, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs NJ 1995.
  Google Scholar

UDO V. E., Adaptive Hierarchical Control Strategy for Large Scale Interconnected Systems, un-published master’s thesis, Howard University, Washington DC 1991.
  Google Scholar

UDO V., AGARWAL S. K., VOJDANI A., HARLACHER M. I., 1997, Balancing Cost and Reliability: A Quantitative Study at Atlantic Electric, in: Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Transaction on Power Systems, 12(3), pp. 1103-1111.
  Google Scholar

UDO V., Exploring Patterns of Sustainable Development, Governance and E Infrastructure Capacities of Nations for Global Equity Praxis, School of Urban Affairs and Public Policy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 2002.
  Google Scholar

United Nations, 2000, We the People, retrieved January, 10, 2002, from: http://www.un.org/millennium/sg/repor/cover.htm
  Google Scholar

United Nations, Basic Facts About the United Nations, United Nations Department of Public Information, New York 2001.
  Google Scholar

United Nations Development Program, The Human Development Report, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1999.
  Google Scholar

United Nations Development Program, The Human Development Report, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2000.
  Google Scholar

United Nations Development Program, The Human Development Report, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2001.
  Google Scholar

United Nations Environmental Program, Global Environment Outlook 2000, Author, London 1999.
  Google Scholar

United States Department of State, 2001, International Human Rights Conventions, 1999 Country Report, retrieved March, 2001 from: http://www.usis.usemb.se/human/human1999/appe
  Google Scholar

United States Department of State, 2002, CIA World Fact Book, 2001, retrieved April, 2002 from: http://www.odci.gov/cia/download2001.htm
  Google Scholar

United States Government, Toward a Sustainable America: Advancing Prosperity, Opportunity, and a Healthy Environment for the 21st Century, Final Report of the President's Council on Sustainable Development, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC 1999.
  Google Scholar

United States Government, 1995, The Global Information Infrastructure: Agenda for Cooperation, retrieved October, 26, 2000, from: http://www.ntia.doc/oiahome/giiagenda.txt
  Google Scholar

VAN DYNE G. M., Ecosystems, Systems Ecology, and Systems Ecologists, in: Complex Ecology: The Part-whole Relation in Ecosystems, eds. Patten B.C., Jorgensen S.E., Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ 1995, pp. 1-27.
  Google Scholar

WALDROP M. M., Complexity: The Emerging Science at the Edge of Chaos, Simon and Schuster, New York 1992.
  Google Scholar

WALLERSTEIN I., The Capitalist World Economy, Cambridge University Press, New York 1979.
  Google Scholar

WARREN R., Urban Governance, Local Autonomy, and National Development, in: Proceedings of the International Symposium on National Development and Local Autonomy Development Strategy, Korea Research Institute for Local Administration, Seoul 1993.
  Google Scholar

WARREN R., WESCHLER L. F., The Multiple Boundaries of Cities: A Framework for Policy Analysis of Urban Space, in: Problems of Theory in Policy Analysis, ed. Gregg P.M., Lexington Books, Lexington, MA 1976, pp. 103-113.
  Google Scholar

WEI-MING T., Mustering the Conceptual Resources to Grasp a World in Flux: International Studies in the Next Millennium, Meeting the Challenge of Globalization, Praeger, Westport CT 1998.
  Google Scholar

WEISS T. G., GORDNKER L., NGOs, the UN, and Global Governance, Lynne Rienner, Boulder CO 1996.
  Google Scholar

WELLS H. G., A Paper on Administrative Areas Read Before the Fabian Society, in: Mankind in the Making, Chapman and Hall, London 1903.
  Google Scholar

WHEATLEY M. J., Leadership and the New Science: Learning About Organizations from an Orderly Universe, Berrett-Koehler, San Francisco 1993.
  Google Scholar

WHITE J. D., 1986, On the Growth of Knowledge in Public Administration, in: Public Administration Review, 46, pp. 15-24.
  Google Scholar

World Auditing Organization, 2001, Press Freedom and Democracy Rank: Democracy Audit 2001, retrieved May, 28 from: http://www.worldaudit.org/
  Google Scholar

World Bank, Greening Industry: New Roles for Communities, Markets, and Governments, Policy Research Report, World Bank, Washington DC 1999a.
  Google Scholar

World Bank, 1999b, Global Economic Prospects and the Developing Countries, World Bank, Washington DC 1999b.
  Google Scholar

World Bank, 1999/2000 Development Report, World Bank, Washington DC 1999c.
  Google Scholar

World Bank, Knowledge for Development, World Bank, Washington DC 1999d,
  Google Scholar

World Bank, Can Africa Claim the 21st Century? World Bank, Washington DC 2000a.
  Google Scholar

World Bank, Local Dynamics in an Era of Globalization, World Bank, Washington DC 2000b.
  Google Scholar

World Bank, 2000/2001 Development Report, World Bank, Washington DC 2000c.
  Google Scholar

World Business Council for Sustainable Development, 1997, Signals of Change: Business Toward Sustainable Development, retrieved March, 20, 2001, from: http://www.wbcsd.ch/publications/signals.htm
  Google Scholar

World Business Council for Sustainable Development, Building a Better Future: Innovation Technology and Sustainable Development, a Progress Report, WBCSD, Conches-Geneva Switzerland 2000.
  Google Scholar

WCED (World Commission on Environment and Development), Our Common Future, Oxford University Press, New York 1987.
  Google Scholar

World Economic Forum, From the Global Digital Divide to the Global Digital Opportunity, Proposals Submitted to the G-8 Kyushus-Okinawa Summit 2000, Japan, Tokyo 2000.
  Google Scholar

World Economic Forum, Pilot Environmental Sustainability Index: An Initiative of the Global Lead-ers for Tomorrow Environment Task Force, presented at the Annual Meeting of the World Economic Forum, Switzerland, Davos, 2000b.
  Google Scholar

World Economic Forum, 2001 Environmental Sustainability Index: An Initiative of the Global Leaders for Tomorrow Environment Task Force, presented at the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum, Switzerland, Davos 2001.
  Google Scholar

World Resource Institute, 2000, World Resources 2000-2001: People and Ecosystems, the Fraying Web of Life, retrieved August, 5, 2001, from: http://www.wri.org/wr2000
  Google Scholar

World Resource Institute, 2002, Tomorrow’s Markets: Global Trends and Their Implications for Busi-ness, retrieved May 23, 2002, from: http://www.wri.org/
  Google Scholar

Worldwatch Institute, State of the World 2000: A Worldwatch Institute Report on Progress Toward a Sustainable Society, Norton, New York 2000.
  Google Scholar

WRISTON W. B., Clintonomics: The Information Revolution and the New Global Market Economy, in: The Business Speakers Almanac, eds. Griffin J., Marks A., Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs NJ 1994(pp .409-422
  Google Scholar

YAMAGUCHI K., Sustainable Global Communities in the Information Age: Visions from Futures Studies, Praeger, Westport CT 1997.
  Google Scholar

YOUNG O. R., Governance in World Affairs, Cornell University Press, Ithaca NY 1999.
  Google Scholar

Download


Published
2010-01-04

Cited by

Udo, V., & Pawłowski, A. (2010). Human Progress Towards Equitable Sustainable Development: A Philosophical Exploration. Problemy Ekorozwoju, 5(1), 23–44. Retrieved from https://ph.pollub.pl/index.php/preko/article/view/4764

Authors

Victor Udo 

Manager, Enterprise Risk Governance and Policy, Pepco Holdings Inc., Energy and Technology Center, P.O. Box 6066, Newark, DE 19714, USA United States

Authors

Artur Pawłowski 

Lublin University of Technology, Environmental Engineering Faculty, ul. Nadbystrzycka 40B, 20-618 Lublin, Poland Poland

Statistics

Abstract views: 10
PDF downloads: 5