From the Genealogy of the Environmental Thought: Marian Raciborski and Jan Gwalbert Pawlikowski

The article presents the views of two pioneers of environmental thought: Marian Raciborski and Jan Gwalbert Pawlikowski. The former was the author of a conservation programme of protecting nature which conceptualised valuable phenomena and objects of nature as natural monuments. The latter was the author of a peculiar ecological manifesto which demanded that nature should be treated as humans’ partner in the world, a partner deserving respect combined with care for its existence. In Poland, these were the first autonomous reflections at the beginning of the 20^th century on the necessity of protecting nature and of humankind’s relationships with nature.