The Impact of Air Quality on Population Migration
Ke Wang
School of Economics and Finance, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China (China)
Yiwei Wang
School of Economics and Finance, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China (China)
Chun-Ping Chang
cpchang@g2.usc.edu.twCorresponding author: Shih Chien University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (Taiwan, Province of China)
Abstract
Based on annual panel data of OECD countries from 1995 to 2014, this paper analyzes the impact of air quality (including per capita CO2, PM2.5, and SO emissions) on the immigrant population through a panel fixed-effect model, while employing control factors such as GDP, unemployment rate, and education level. Overall, we provide evidence that air quality is a key determinant of immigration in the selected countries, and in particular the host country’s emissions have a negative impact on immigrants. Greater emissions imply fewer immigrants, while fewer emissions denote more immigrants. Our findings provide countries with a way to more accurately estimate migrant inflow and offer an idea for OECD members on how to attract immigrants via an improvement in environmental quality.
JEL Codes: F22, Q53, C23
Keywords:
immigration, air quality, emissions, OECDReferences
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Authors
Ke WangSchool of Economics and Finance, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China China
Authors
Yiwei WangSchool of Economics and Finance, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China China
Authors
Chun-Ping Changcpchang@g2.usc.edu.tw
Corresponding author: Shih Chien University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Taiwan, Province of China
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