A Study on the Impact of Reform and Opening-up on Sustainable Development: Evidence from China
Linglin Xiang
Chengdu University of Information Technology, School of Statistics, Chengdu 610103, China (China)
Huaixi Zhang
Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Business Administration and Management, Chengdu 611130, China (China)
Yiqing Lyu
yiqingiyu1991@gmail.comSichuan University, School of Economics, Chengdu 610000, China (China)
Abstract
This paper selected the data of 284 prefectural-level cities in China in the time range of 2011 to 2020 as the research sample, and established an index system of sustainable development consisting of 22 indicators including economic development, social progress, ecological environment and public institutions and so on, to comprehensive evaluate the sustainability of the cities. Total annual investment in pollution control is selected as the proxy variable of reform, and annual actual amount of foreign investment used is selected as the proxy variable of opening-up, to empirically explore the impact of the two on sustainable development. The results of empirical analysis show that reform and opening-up has a significant positive impact on sustainable development. After fixing time and individual effect, it is found that the effect of reform is more prominent. Regional heterogeneity analysis shows that, the impact strength of reform and opening-up in the east is larger than that in the middle and west of China. To study the spatial auto-correlation and spillover effect, Moran’s I was calculated and spatial Durbin model was constructed based on the weight matrix of geographical distance, which produced the results that spatial agglomeration is evident for sustainability, and that reform has a significant positive spillover effect. Further, considering the time auto-correlation of sustainability, a dynamic panel model is established, and dynamic threshold regression is carried out. Results show that lag effect of sustainability is significant, and a certain threshold must reform reach can sustainable development be promoted. This paper puts forward several policy suggestions in terms of formulating effective sustainable development strategy, to provide insights for new-pattern urbanization in the future.
Keywords:
sustainable development, reform and opening-up, environment protection, spatial Durbin model, dynamic panel threshold modelReferences
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Authors
Linglin XiangChengdu University of Information Technology, School of Statistics, Chengdu 610103, China China
Authors
Huaixi ZhangSouthwestern University of Finance and Economics, Business Administration and Management, Chengdu 611130, China China
Authors
Yiqing Lyuyiqingiyu1991@gmail.com
Sichuan University, School of Economics, Chengdu 610000, China China
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