Thermo-modernisation of 20th century hospital buildings – material and technical aspects
Natalia Przesmycka
Katedra Architektury, Urbanistyki i Planowania Przestrzennego, Wydział Budownictwa i Architektury, Politechnika Lubelska (Poland)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1755-2448
Anna Życzyńska
Katedra Konserwacji Zabytków, Wydział Budownictwa i Architektury, Politechnika Lubelska (Poland)
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3435-3392
Rafał Strojny
r.strojny@pollub.plKatedra Architektury, Urbanistyki i Planowania Przestrzennego, Wydział Budownictwa i Architektury, Politechnika Lubelska (Poland)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2451-9152
Abstract
In recent years, it has become commonplace in Poland to modernise hospitals built in the 20th century in order to adapt them to modern requirements. Most often, their scope includes thermo-modernisation which consists of insulation of walls, roof and replacement of windows and doors. The subject of this study was the material and technical aspects related to the thermomodernisation of 20th century hospital buildings in the Lubelskie voivodeship in the context of changing values of heat transfer coefficient of building partitions at the turn of the years. Among other things, energy audits before and after thermomodernisation were carried out for the investigated 23 facilities in the Lubelskie Voivodeship. An analysis was also made of the materials and technologies used in the construction of hospitals in particular periods of time. The research showed that traditional masonry technology was widely used until the early 1970s, which was then replaced by industrialised technologies, including prefabricated ones. With the introduction of thermal insulation requirements for the building envelope in the 1970s, there were changes to the materials used in hospital construction, including the need for thermal insulation materials. In the following decades, the values of the heat transfer coefficient have continuously changed, resulting in the need to use insulating materials with better performance. The thermomodernisation of hospitals carried out in recent years made it possible to meet the requirements for the heat transfer coefficient, but these mostly referred to the value in force at the time. They did not assume a longer perspective, taking into account changes in this coefficient in the coming years. As a result, in less than a decade, they will not meet the current requirements for the insulation of the building envelope and will therefore be eligible for thermomodernisation. Such an action is cost-effective in the short term, but given the far-sighted development plan of the hospitals, it is a wasteful solution.
Keywords:
architecture of healthcare facilities, thermal modernisation of hospitals, modernisation of 20th century hospitalsReferences
Short C.A., Renganathan G., Lomas K.J., A medium-rise 1970s maternity hospital in the east of England: Resilience and adaptation to climate change, “Building Services Engineering Research and Technology” 2015, vol. 36, s. 247−274, https://doi.org/10.1177/0143624414567544.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0143624414567544
Google Scholar
Strojny R., Przesmycka N., Lukomska Z., Problems of the modernisation of 20-th-century healthcare facilities based on the example of hospitals within the Lubelskie Voivodeship, “Budownictwo i Architektura” 2023, vol. 22(2), s. 21−39, DOI: 10.35784/bud-arch.3578.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.3578
Google Scholar
Juraszyński J. et al., Projektowanie obiektów służby zdrowia, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Arkady, 1973.
Google Scholar
Murphy M.P., Mansfield J., MASS Design Group, The Architecture of Health. Hospital Design and the Construction of Dignity, New York: Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum, 2021.
Google Scholar
Gerber P., Ochrona i modernizacja szpitali, Wrocław: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej, 2019.
Google Scholar
Bąkowski J., Modernization of historic healthcare buildings, “WIT Transactions on The Built Environments” 2017, vol. 171, s. 125−133.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2495/STR170111
Google Scholar
Bąkowski J., Poplatek J., Problemy modernizacji szpitali, [w:] A. Gębczyńska-Janowicz, R. Idem (red.), Architektura służby zdrowia. Problematyka projektowania, Wydawnictwo Politechniki Gdańskiej, Gdańsk 2015, 45−60.
Google Scholar
Poplatek J., Modernization of existing hospitals, “WIT Transactions on the Built environments” 2017, vol. 171, s. 239−246.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2495/STR170211
Google Scholar
Dankiewicz K., Zabytkowy szpital – problematyczna koegzystencja podmiotu z przedmiotem ochrony konserwatorskiej, „Builder” 2021, vol. 25(9), s. 41−43, https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.0685.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.0685
Google Scholar
Wilson G., An Integrated Decision Support Model for the Sustainable Refurbishment of Hospitals and Healthcare Facilities: Developing a Prototype, PhD thesis, Aberdeen: Robert Gordon University, 2014.
Google Scholar
Grimaz S., Ruzzene E., Zorzini F., Situational assessment of hospital facilities for modernization purposes and resilence improvement, “International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction” 2021, vol. 66, 102594, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102594.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102594
Google Scholar
Przesmycka N., Strojny R., Życzyńska A., Modernisation of hospital buildings built in the 20th century in the context of architectural, functional and operational problems, “Architectus” 2023, vol. 74(2), s. 59−67, DOI: 10.37190/arc230206.
Google Scholar
Przesmycka N., Modelowe kształtowanie szpitali powszechnych w okresie międzywojennym na przykładzie szpitala w Puławach, „Teka Komisji Architektury, Urbanistyki i Studiów Krajobrazowych” 2020, vol. 16(1), s. 94−106, https://doi.org/10.35784/teka.2582.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35784/teka.2582
Google Scholar
Pruszewicz-Sipińska E., Gawlak A., Matuszewska M., Springer P., Raport zielone szpitale, „Zielone szpitale” 2022, s. 68−73.
Google Scholar
Chodkowska-Miszczuk J., Szymańska D., Modernisation of public buildings in Polish towns and the concept of sustainable building, “Questiones Geographicae” 2014, vol. 33(4), s. 89−99, DOI 10.2478/quageo-2014-0052.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2014-0052
Google Scholar
Rozporządzenie Ministra Rozwoju i Technologii z dnia 31 stycznia 2022 r. zmieniające rozporządzenie w sprawie warunków technicznych, jakim powinny odpowiadać budynki i ich usytuowanie.
Google Scholar
Authors
Natalia PrzesmyckaKatedra Architektury, Urbanistyki i Planowania Przestrzennego, Wydział Budownictwa i Architektury, Politechnika Lubelska Poland
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1755-2448
Authors
Anna ŻyczyńskaKatedra Konserwacji Zabytków, Wydział Budownictwa i Architektury, Politechnika Lubelska Poland
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3435-3392
Authors
Rafał Strojnyr.strojny@pollub.pl
Katedra Architektury, Urbanistyki i Planowania Przestrzennego, Wydział Budownictwa i Architektury, Politechnika Lubelska Poland
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2451-9152
Statistics
Abstract views: 137PDF downloads: 117
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
