A universal standard for health-promoting places. Example of assessment – on the basis of a case study of Rahway River Park
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
DOI
Authors
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to contribute to development of approaches to the evaluation of the design of public open green spaces (POS). This paper presents a universal standard for the design of health-promoting urban places. The standard is a conceptual framework which was developed after visiting over one hundred public parks and therapeutic gardens in Europe and the United States. The universal standard is a simple and effective tool that can be used by both professional designers and non-professionals to improve the health-promoting qualities of open green spaces. Rahway River Park, designed by Olmsted Brothers in 1925, serves as a case study.
Keywords:
References
Frumkin H., “Beyond toxicity: human health and the natural environment”, American journal of preventive medicine, vol. 20, no.3, (2001), pp.234-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-3797(00)00317-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-3797(00)00317-2
Largo-Wight E., “Cultivating healthy places and communities: evidenced-based nature contact recommendations”, International Journal of Environmental Health Research, vol. 21, no. 1, (2011), pp. 41–61. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2010.499452 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2010.499452
Frumkin H. et al., “Nature Contact and Human Health: A Research Agenda”, Environmental Health Perspectives, vol 125, no. 7, (2017). https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1663 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1663
Gesler W., “Lourdes: healing in a place of pilgrimage”, Health & Place, vol. 2, no.2, pp. 95-105, (1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/1353-8292(96)00004-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/1353-8292(96)00004-4
Zube E., “Perceived land Use Patterns and Landscape Values”, Landscape Ecology, vol. 1, no. 1, (1987), pp 37–45. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02275264 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02275264
Williams A., “Therapeutic landscapes in holistic medicine”, Social Science and Medicine, vol. 46, no. 9, (1998), pp. 1193-1203. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(97)10048-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(97)10048-X
Bell S. L., Wheeler B. W., Phoenix C., “Using Geonarratives to Explore the Diverse Temporalities of Therapeutic Landscapes: Perspectives from “Green” and “Blue” Settings”, Annals of the American Association of Geographers, vol. 107, no. 1, (2017), pp. 93–108. https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2016.1218269 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2016.1218269
Gesler W., “Therapeutic Landscapes: An evolving theme”, Health & Place, vol. 11, no. 4, (2005), pp. 295-297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2005.02.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2005.02.003
Williams A., “Spiritual therapeutic landscapes and healing: A case study of St. Anne de Beaupre, Quebec, Canada”, Social Science & Medicine, vol. 70, no. 10, (2010), pp. 1633-1640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.01.012
Cooper-Marcus C., Sachs N., Therapeutic Landscapes. An Evidence-Based Approach to Designing Healing Gardens and Restorative Outdoor Spaces. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014, pp. 14-35.
Huang L., Xu H., “Therapeutic landscapes and longevity: Wellness tourism in Bama”, Social Science & Medicine, vol. 197, (2017), pp. 24-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.11.052
Trojanowska M., Sas-Bojarska A., “Health-affirming everyday landscapes in sustainable city. Theories and tools”, ACEE Architecture Civil and Environmental Engineering, no. 3/2018, (2018). https://doi.org/10.21307/ACEE-2018-037 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/acee-2018-037
Bell S.L., Foley R., Houghton F. et al., “From therapeutic landscapes to healthy spaces, places and practices: A scoping review”, Social Science & Medicine, vol. 196, (2018), pp. 123-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.11.035 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.11.035
Williams A., “Spiritual therapeutic landscapes and healing: A case study of St. Anne de Beaupre, Quebec, Canada”, Social Science & Medicine, , vol. 70, no. 10 pp. 1633-1640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.01.012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.01.012
Huang L., Xu H., “Therapeutic landscapes and longevity: Wellness tourism in Bama”, Social Science & Medicine, vol. 197, (2018), pp. 24-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.11.052 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.11.052
Harting T., Bringslimark T., Patil GG. “Restorative Environmental Design: What, When, Wher, and for Whom?” in: Biophilic design: the theory, science, and practice of bringing buildings to life, Kellert S., Heerwagen J., Mador M. (Ed.), (2008), Hobken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 133.
Community green: using local spaces to tackle inequality and improve health, London, CABE Commission for architecture and the built environment, (2010).
Ulrich, R., “View through a window may influence recovery from surgery”. Science, Vol. 224, No. 4647, (1984), pp. 42-421. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.6143402 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.6143402
Kaplan R., Kaplan S., Ryan R.L. With People in Mind. Design and Management of Everyday Nature Island Press, Washington D.C., Covelo, California, 1998.
Rosenblatt Naderi J., “Design of walking environments for spirituals renewal Paper presented to Walk21-V Cities for people”, in Proceedings - The fifth International Conference on Walking in the 21st century, June 9-11 2004, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Heerwagen J., Gregory B., “Biophilia and Sensory Aesthetics”, in: Biophilic design: the theory, science, and practice of bringing buildings to life, Kellert S., Heerwagen J., Mador M. (Ed.), Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, 2008.
Mahan A., Golestani S., Meschi M., “Pedestrian street and walkability: Studying the effect of type and quality of adjacent usage in walkability of pedestrian street”, in: Dymitryszyn I., Kaczyńska M., Maksymiuk G.: The power of landscape- Peer Reviewed Proceedings of ECLAS 2012 Conference at Warsaw University of Life Science – SGGW, 2012.
Ryan C., Browning W., Clancy J., “BIOPHILIC DESIGN PATTERNS Emerging Nature-Based Parameters for Health and Well-Being in the Built Environment”, International Journal of Architectural Research, Vol. 8, No. 2, (2014), pp. 62-76. https://archnet.org/publications/9767 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v8i2.436
Hildebrand G., “Biophilic Architectural Space: In: Kellert S., Heerwagen J., Mador M. (Ed.), 2008 Biophilic design: the theory, science, and practice of bringing buildings to life, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, 2008.
Kuo F., Sullivan W., “Environment and crime in the inner city. Does Vegetation Reduce Crime?”, ENVIRONMENT AND BEHAVIOR, vol. 33, no. 3, (2001), pp. 343-367. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916501333002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00139160121973025
Kuo F., Parks and Other Green Environments: Essential Components of a Healthy Human Habitat. National Recreation and Park Association, 2010. Available: https://www.nrpa.org/globalassets/research/mingkuo-research-paper.pdf [Accessed: 29 Mar 2020]
Sempik, J., Aldridge, J., Becker, S., Growing Together – a practice guide to promoting social inclusion through gardening and horticulture, Bristol: The Policy Press, 2005.
Sempik J., Aldridge J., Becker S., Health, Well-being and Social Inclusion Therapeutic Horticulture in the UK. Bristol: The Policy Press, 2005.
Mass J. van Dillen, S.M.E., Verheij, R.A., & Groenewegen, “Social contacts as possible mechanism behind the relation between Green space and health”, Health and Place, Vol. 15, No. 2, (2009), pp. 586-595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2008.09.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2008.09.006
Ghavampour E., The contribution of Natural Design Elements to the Sustained Use of Public Space in a City Centre. Ph.D. desideration, University of Wellington, 2014.
Marques B., McIntosh J., Chanse V., “Improving Community Health and Wellbeing Through Multi-Functional Green Infrastructure in Cities Undergoing Densification”, Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae, vol.23, no.2, (2020), pp.101-107. https://doi.org/10.2478/ahr-2020-0020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ahr-2020-0020
Gehl J., Life Between Buildings: Using Public Space. Island Press; Sixth Edition, 2011.
Grahn P. et al., “A planning model for designing sustainable and healthy cities. The importance of people’s need of recreational environments in an urban context”, in: NAEP (National Assoc. of Environmental Professionals) 30th Annual Conference, Alexandris VA, USA, 16-19 april 2005
Lis A., Struktura podłoża motywacyjnego zachowań użytkowników parków miejskich. Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Akademii Rolniczej we Wrocławiu, 2005.
Stigsdotter, U. A. and Grahn, P., ‘What Makes a Garden a Healing Garden?’, Journal of Therapeutic Horticulture, Vol. 13, (2002), pp. 60-69.
Alexander Ch., A pattern language. Towns –Buildings- Construction. Oxford University Press, 1977.
Ward J.S. Duncan J.S. Jarden A. Steward T., “The impact of children's exposure to greenspace on physical activity, cognitive development, emotional wellbeing, and ability to appraise risk.”, Health & Place, vol. 40, (2016), pp. 44-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.04.015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.04.015
Takano T, Nakamura K., Watanabe M., “Urban residential environments and senior citizens’ longevity in megacity areas: the importance of walkable green spaces”, Journal of Epidemiology Community Health; vol. 56, (2002), pp. 913-918. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.56.12.913 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.56.12.913
Gibson J., The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. 1st Edition, Routlege, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315740218
Stoltz J., Schaffer Ch., “Salutogenic Affordances and Sustainability: Multiple Benefits With Edible Forest Gardens in Urban Green Spaces”, Frontiers in Psychology, (2018). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02344 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02344
Souter-Brown G., Hinckson E., Duncan S., “Effects of a sensory garden on workplace wellbeing: A randomised control trial”, Landscape and Urban Planning, vol. 207, (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103997 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103997
Stone B., Perez-Carro C., Activity-Based Parks Typology: A Strategy for Addressing the Parks and Recreation Needs of Residents in an Urban Environment. Option paper, CP 8990, spring 2015. Available: https://smartech.gatech.edu/bitstream/handle/1853/53792/perez_carlos_activity_based_parks_typology.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y [Accessed: 29 Mar 2020]
Trojanowska M., Parki i ogrody terapeutyczne. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 2017.
Trojanowska M., “Therapeutic Qualities and Sustainable Approach to Heritage of the City. The Coastal Strip in Gdańsk, Poland”, Sustainability, vol. 12, no. 21, (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12219243 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12219243
Trojanowska M., “Architectural strategies that promote creation of social bonds within eco-neighbourhoods”, Space and Form, no. 46/2021, (2020), pp.195-210. https://doi.org/10.21005/pif.2021.46.C-07 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21005/pif.2021.46.C-07
Day S., “Place and the experience of air quality”, Health & Place, Vol. 13, No.1, (2007), pp. 249-260, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2006.01.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2006.01.002
Zuniga-Teran A. et al., “Designing healthy communities: Testing the walkability model”, Frontiers of Architectural Research, Vol. 6, No. 1, (2016), pp.63-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2016.11.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2016.11.005
Burypensions, “UCCF 4/16/15: Rahway River Park Stadium Full Coverage”, countywatchers. Available: https://countywatchers.wordpress.com/2015/04/18/uccf-41615-rahway-river-park-stadium-full-coverage/ [Accessed: 18 Oct 2021]
United State Department of Agriculture, Soil Survey or Union County, New Jersey, 2002. Available: https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/new_jersey/unionNJ2002/unionNJ2002.pdf [Accessed: 29 Mar 2020]
Rahway River Watershed Association, 2018 Water Quality Report Card, 2018. Available: https://rahwayriver.org/waterqualitydocs/RRWA2018Water%20QualityReportCard.pdf [Accessed: 29 Mar 2020]
IQAir, Air quality in Rahway. Available: https://www.iqair.com/usa/new-jersey/rahway [Accessed: 29 Mar 2020]
Downloads
Article Details
Abstract views: 408
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Budownictwo i Architektura supports the open science program. The journal enables Open Access to their publications. Everyone can view, download and forward articles, provided that the terms of the license are respected.
Publishing of articles is possible after submitting a signed statement on the transfer of a license to the Journal.