Selected issues concerning fibre-optic bending sensors

Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia kompleksowy przegląd czujników zgięcia (bending sensors) i ich klasyfikacji. Główny nacisk kładzie się na osiągnięcia w projektowaniu optycznych światłowodowych czujników zgięcia opartych na światłowodowych siatkach Bragga (FBG). Przeanalizowano różne zasady pomiaru stosowane w światłowodowych czujnikach zgięcia, podkreślając ich zalety i ograniczenia. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono czujnikom wykorzystującym siatki długookresowe (LPG), światłowodowe skośne siatki Bragga (TFBG) oraz wielordzeniowe struktury światłowodowe, które wykazują znaczny potencjał w zakresie rozwoju wysoce czułych i kompaktowych czujników zgięcia.

Słowa kluczowe:

światłowód, czujnik zgięcia, światłowodowa siatka Bragga, siatka długookresowa, światłowodowa skośna siatka Bragga, światłowodowy czujnik wielordzeniowy

Cele Zrównoważonego Rozwoju (SDG)

Koniec z ubóstwem

Bibliografia

[1] Amorebieta J. et al.: Compact omnidirectional multicore fiber-based vector bending sensor. Sci Rep 11, 2021, 5989 [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85507-9].

[2] Barrera D., Madrigal J., Sales S.: Long Period Gratings in Multicore Optical Fibers for Directional Curvature Sensor Implementation. Journal of Lightwave Technology 36(4), 2018, 1063–1068 [https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2017.2764951].

[3] Chen Y. et al.: Experimental study on temperature-insensitive curvature sensor based on reflective all-fiber structure. Infrared Physics & Technology 137, 2024, 105146 [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105146].

[4] Exploring FBG Tilt Sensor Market Disruption and Innovation. DiMarket. [https://www.datainsightsmarket.com/reports/fbg-tilt-sensor-1670260#].

[5] Fazzi L.: Minimal Intrusive Multi-parameter Optical Fibre Sensor for Aerospace Structures and Adhesives. Dissertation, Delft University of Technology [https://doi.org/10.4233/uuid:6bbb0c33-97b7-415e-9649-9e0d7f4117de].

[6] Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Market Size & Share Analysis – Growth Trends and Forecast (2025–2030) Mordor Intelligence [https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/fiber-bragg-grating-sensor-market].

[7] Harasim D.: Temperature-insensitive bending measurement method using optical fiber sensors. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 332/2021, 113207 [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2021.113207].

[8] Kisała P.: Physical foundations determining spectral characteristics measured in Bragg gratings subjected to bending. Metrol. Meas. Syst. 29(3), 2022, 573–584 [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2021.113207].

[9] Kok S. P. et al.: Advances in Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) Sensing: A Review of Conventional and New Approaches and Novel Sensing Materials in Harsh and Emerging Industrial Sensing. IEEE Sensors Journal 24(19), 2024, 29485–29505 [https://doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2024.3434351].

[10] Li Y. et al.: Temperature-insensitive vector curvature sensor based on four-core fiber offset structure, Infrared Physics & Technology 140, 2024, 105368 [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105368].

[11] Liu Y. et al.: Investigations on seven-core fiber based interferometric all-fiber sensor for curvature and temperature measurements. Optik 254, 2022, 168638 [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2022.168638].

[12] Liu Z. et al.: Temperature-insensitive curvature sensor based on Bragg gratings written in strongly coupled multicore fiber. Opt. Lett. 46, 2021, 3933–3936 [https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.432889].

[13] Peng Y. et al.: Recent advances in flexible bending sensors and their applications. International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 15(4), 2024, 697–729 [https://doi.org/10.1080/19475411.2024.2417834].

[14] Prisutova J. et al.: Use of Fibre-Optic Sensors for Pipe Condition and Hydraulics Measurements: A Review. Civil Eng. 3(1), 2022, 85–113 [https://doi.org/10.3390/civileng3010006].

[15] Valentín-Coronado L. M. et al.: Bending classification from interference signals of a fiber optic sensor using shallow learning and convolutional neural networks. Pattern Recognition Letters 186, 2024, 354–360 [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2024.06.029].

[16] Wang H. et al.: Multi-parameter sensor based on cascaded multicore FBGs and an FPI for bending, temperature and pressure measurements. Optics & Laser Technology 175, 2024, 110782 [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2024.110782].

[17] Wang Q., Liu Y.: Review of optical fiber bending/curvature sensor. Measurement 130, 2018, 161–176.

[18] Xia Q. et al.: Research on fiber Bragg grating Fabry-Perots bending sensor based on principal component analysis. Optics Express 33(4), 2025, 8014–8026 [https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.546742].

[19] Xu M. et al.: High-sensitivity two-axis vector bending sensor based on side-grooved long period grating in eccentric core fiber. Optics & Laser Technology, 153, 2022, 108218 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0030399222003759].

[20] Xu S., Chen H., Feng W.: Fiber-optic curvature and temperature sensor based on the lateral-offset spliced SMF-FCF-SMF interference structure. Optics & Laser Technology 141, 2021, 107174 [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2021.107174].

[21] Yang S. et al.: Highly Sensitive Bending Sensor Based on Multicore Optical Fiber With Diagonal Cores Reflector at the Fiber Tip. Journal of Lightwave Technology 40(17), 2022, 6030–6036 [https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2022.3184042].

[22] Yassin M. H. et al.: Fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based sensors: a review of technology and recent applications in structural health monitoring (SHM) of civil engineering structures. Discov Civ Eng 1, 2024, 151 [https://doi.org/10.1007/s44290-024-00141-4].

[23] Zhang K. et al.: Simultaneous detection of vector bending and temperature using dual-core fiber cascaded FBG structure. Measurement 241, 2025, 115760 [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2024.115760].

[24] Zhang S. et al.: All fiber compact bending sensor with high sensitivity based on a multimode fiber embedded chirped long-period grating. Opt. Lett. 45, 2020, 4172–4175 [https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.396301].

[25] Zhao Z, Dang Y, Tang M.: Advances in Multicore Fiber Grating Sensors. Photonics 9(6), 2022, 381 [https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9060381].

[26] Zhou Y. et al.: High-sensitive bending sensor based on a seven-core fiber. Optics Communications 483, 2021, 126617.

Wybrane zagadnienia dotyczące światłowodowych czujników zgięcia. (2025). Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska, 15(4), 177-181. https://doi.org/10.35784/iapgos.8681

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Numer Tom 15 Nr 4 (2025)

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Słowa kluczowe:

Cele Zrównoważonego Rozwoju (SDG)

Bibliografia

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