Biomechanical foundations and benefits of active orthoses in the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis

The aim of this article is to provide a biomechanical analysis of different types of orthoses, with a particular focus on the benefits of an active sensor orthosis. The first part of the article focuses on the biomechanics of passive orthoses, which use constant corrective forces exerted by rigid brace on the patient's body. The principles of such braces, their effect on spinal alignment and the limitations of their static nature are discussed. The second part focuses on active orthoses, which integrate modern technologies, such as sensors, to dynamically adjust the corrective forces to the patient's current state. Current solutions that allow monitoring and adaptation of the brace's performance are discussed, which significantly increases the effectiveness of treatment. The final part of the article focuses on the advantages of active orthoses in scoliosis therapy compared to traditional passive orthoses. The active therapeutic approach allows the brace's action to be dynamically adapted to the patient's current needs, which increases wearing comfort and treatment effectiveness. The use of technology also enables ongoing assessment of therapy progress and better adaptation of corrective forces to the patient's individual anatomical and biomechanical characteristics.