Cantrang: A Dilemma in Policy Implementation (Case in Lampung Bay, Indonesia)
Indra Gumay Febryano
indragumay@yahoo.comDepartment of Coastal and Marine Zone Management, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung (Indonesia)
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7242-656X
Supono
Department of Coastal and Marine Zone Management, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung (Indonesia)
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8712-090X
Abdullah Aman Damai
Department of Coastal and Marine Zone Management, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung (Indonesia)
Debi Hardian
Department of Coastal and Marine Zone Management, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung (Indonesia)
Gunardi Djoko Winarno
Department of Coastal and Marine Zone Management, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung (Indonesia)
Novita Tresiana
Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung (Indonesia)
Abstract
Cantrang is a section of seine nets which has been banned in all regions of Indonesia. However, this policy can stir to pros and cons due to implementation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the success of the stage and the effectiveness of policy implementation on cantrang prohibition in Lampung Bay, Indonesia. Data were collected by interview, observation, and documentation studies, next the policy implementation was reviewed by the marketing policy studies then for further analyze was using ambiguity-conflict matrix. The result of this research shows the unsuccessful of the policy marketing on implementing cantrang prohibition policy from policy acceptance side and policy adoption, also on readiness strategy side is failed. Fisher community do not fulfil the policy and not become a part of it, hesitancy of local government as an executor of the policy, vertical conflict between fisherman and government. The analysis of ambiguity-conflict matrix gives the choice of effectiveness politic model implementation and experimentation, replace the administrative policy implementation. Effective but non-destructive fishing gear can be encouraged to be developed by the government through studies that involving all stakeholders including fisherman and academics. The government is also expected to replace the prohibition policy with a regulatory policy on the cantrang construction and capture area arrangement. In addition, the government is expected to create legal certainty in the field, so it may minimize the fisherman’s conflicts and opposition to cantrang prohibition policies.
Keywords:
fishing gear, IUU fishing, Lampung Bay, policy implementation, cantrangReferences
ANNA Z., YUSUF A.A., ALISJAHBANA A.S., GHINA A.A., RAHMA, 2019, Are Fisherman Happier? Evidence from A Large-Scale Subjective Well-Being Survey in A Lower-Middle-Income Country, in: Marine Policy, 106, p. 103559.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103559
Google Scholar
ARCEO H.O., CAZALET B., ALINO P.M., MANGIALAJO L., FRANCOUR P., 2013, Moving Beyond A Top-Down Fisheries Management Approach in The Northwestern Mediterranean: Some Lessons from The Philippines., in: Marine Policy, 39, p. 29-42.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2012.10.006
Google Scholar
BACALSO R.T.M., WOLFF M., ROSALES R.M., ARMADA N.B., 2016, Effort Reallocation of Illegal Fishing Operations: A Profitable Scenario for The Municipal Fisheries of Danajon Bank, Central Philippines, in: Ecological Modelling, 331, p. 5-16.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.01.015
Google Scholar
BAMBANG N., 2006, Petunjuk Pembuatan dan Pengoperasian Cantrang dan Rawai Dasar Pantai Utara Jawa Tengah [Instruction on Making and Operating Cantrang and Bottom Longline in North Coast of Central Java], Balai Besar Pengembangan Penangkapan Ikan, Semarang (in Indonesian).
Google Scholar
BEN-HAIM Y., OSTEEN C.D., MOFFITT L.J., 2013, Policy Dilemma of Innovation: An Info-Gap Approach, in: Ecological Economics, 85, p. 130-138.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2012.08.011
Google Scholar
BLADON A.J., MOHAMMED E.Y., ALI L., MILNER-GULLAND E.J., 2018, Developing A Frame of Reference for Fisheries Management and Conservation Interventions, in: Fisheries Research, 208, p. 296-308.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2018.08.010
Google Scholar
BPPI [Balai Pengembangan Penangkapan Ikan], 1999, Kumpulan Paket Teknologi [Collection of Technology Packages], Balai Pengembangan Penangkapan Ikan, Semarang (in Indonesian).
Google Scholar
BULL J.W., GORDON A., LAW E.A., SUTTLE K.B., MILNER-GULLAND E.J., 2014, Importance of Baseline Specification in Evaluating Conservation Interventions and Achieving No Net Loss of Biodiversity, in: Conservation Biology, 28, p. 799-809.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12243
Google Scholar
CHARLES A., 2001, Sustainable Fishery System, Blackwell Science Ltd, Oxford.
Google Scholar
DAMAI A.A., 2012, Sistem Perencanaan Tata Ruang Wilayah Pesisir: Studi Kasus Teluk Lampung [Spatial Planning System on Coastal Area], Dissertation, Sekolah Pasca Sarjana Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. (in Indonesian).
Google Scholar
DAS M.R., RAY S., KUMMAR U., BEGUM S., TARAFDAR S.R., 2015, Livelihood Assessment of The Fisherman Community in The South West Region of Bangladesh, in: Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 3(4), p. 353-361.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18006/2015.3(4).353.361
Google Scholar
DAVIES T., MEES C., MILNER-GULLAND E.J., 2015, Second-Guessing Uncertainty: Scenario Planning for Management of The Indian Ocean Tuna Purse Seine Fishery, in: Marine Policy, 62, p. 169-177.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2015.09.019
Google Scholar
DIGAL L.N., PLACENCIA S.G.P., 2017, Factors Affecting The Adoption of Sustainable Tuna Fishing Practices: The Case of Municipal Fishers in Maasim, Sarangani Province, Region 12, Philippines, in: Marine Policy, 77, p. 30-36.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2016.12.010
Google Scholar
DINAS PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN PROVINSI LAMPUNG, 2007, Pemetaan Terumbu Karang di Teluk Lampung [Coral Reefs Mapping in Lampung Bay]. Dinas Perikanan dan Kelautan Provinsi Lampung, Bandar Lampung. (in Indonesian).
Google Scholar
DINAS PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN PROVINSI LAMPUNG, 2018, Statistik Perikanan [Statistics of Fisheries], Dinas Perikanan dan Kelautan Provinsi Lampung, Bandar Lampung (in Indonesian).
Google Scholar
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), 2016, Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing, http://www.fao.org/3/a-i6069e.pdf (18.9. 2019).
Google Scholar
FALAUTANO M., CASTRIOTA L., CILLARI T., VIVONA P., FINOIA M.G., ANDALORO F., 2018, Characterization of Artisanal Fishery in A Coastal Area of The Strait of Sicily (Mediterranean Sea): Evaluation of Legal and IUU Fishing, in: Ocean and Coastal Management, 151, p. 77-91.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2017.10.022
Google Scholar
HAKIM L., NURHASANAH., 2016, Cantrang: Masalah dan Solusinya [Cantrang: Problems and Solutions], in: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Riset Inovatif (Senari) ke-4 Tahun 2016, p. 216-225. (in Indonesian).
Google Scholar
HARDIAN D., SUPONO, FEBRYANO I.G., DAMAI A.A., WIDIASTUTI L.L., 2019, Perception of Fisherman and Government on Implementation of The Cantrang Fishing Ban in Lampung Bay. Proceeding The International Conference on Marine Sciences and Coastal Engineering and Sciences 2019.
Google Scholar
HILL M., HUPE P., 2006, Implementing Public Policy, Sage, London.
Google Scholar
LEROY A., GALLETTI F., CHABOUD C., 2016, The EU Restrictive Trade Measures Against IUU Fishing, in: Marine Policy, 64, p. 82-90.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2015.10.013
Google Scholar
LIAO C-P., HUANG H-W., LU H-J., 2019, Fisherman's Perceptions of Coastal Fisheries Management Regulations: Key Factors to Rebuilding Coastal Fishery Resources in Taiwan, in: Ocean and Coastal Management, 172, p. 1-13.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.01.015
Google Scholar
LINDLEY J., TECHERA E.J., 2017, Overcoming Complexity in Illegal, Unregulated and Unreported Fishing to Achieve Effective Regulatory Pluralism, in: Marine Policy, 81, p. 71-79.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2017.03.010
Google Scholar
MATLAND R.E., 1995, Synthesizing The Implementation Literature: The Ambiguity-Conflict Model of Policy Implementation, in: Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 5(2), p. 145-174.
Google Scholar
MIRRASOOLI E., GHORBANI R., GORGIN S., AGHILINEJHAD S.M., JALALI A., 2019, Factors Associated with Illegal Fishing and Fisher Attitudes Toward Sturgeon Conservation in The Southern Caspian Sea, in: Marine Policy, 100, p. 107-115.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.11.028
Google Scholar
MULLIE W.C., 2019, Apparent Reduction of Illegal Trawler Fishing Effort in Ghana's Inshore Exclusive Zone 2012-2018 as Revealed by Publicly Available AIS Data, in: Marine Policy, 108, p. 103623.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103623
Google Scholar
MUNTALIM, CHOIRUDDIN M.S., 2016, Pengaruh Kebijakan Penggunaan Alat Tangkap Pukat Tarik (Seine Nets) terhadap Pendapatan Nelayan di Kabupaten Lamongan [The Influence of Trawl Fishing Gear (Seine Nets) Utilization of Fisherman Income in Lamongan Regency], in: Jurnal Grouper, 7(1), p. 20-24 (in Indonesian).
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30736/grouper.v7i1.45
Google Scholar
MURSHED-E-JAHAN K., BELTON B., VISWANATHAN K.K., 2014, Communication Strategies for Managing Coastal Fisheries Conflicts in Bangladesh, in: Ocean & Coastal Management, 92, p. 65-73.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2014.01.003
Google Scholar
MSOMPHORA M.R., 2016, Conflict Resolution and The Delegation of Authority In Fisheries Management: The Case of Outer Hebrides Inshore Fisheries Group in Scotland, in: Marine Policy, 73, p. 263-275.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2016.08.006
Google Scholar
NABABAN B.O., SOLIHIN A., CHRISTIAN Y., 2018, Dampak Sosial Ekonomi Kebijakan Larangan Pukat Hela dan Pukat Tarik di Pantai Utara Jawa [Socio-Economic Impact of Pukat Hela and Pukat Tarik Prohibition in North Coast of Java], https://www.conservation-strategy.org/sites/default/files/fieldfile/MFP_Trawl_Ban_Java_Bahasa_Optimized.pdf (18.09. 2019) (in Indonesian).
Google Scholar
NAHUELHUAL L., SAAVEDRA G., BLANCO G., WESSELINK E., CAMPOS G., VERGARA X., 2018, On Super Fishers and Black Capture: Images of Illegal Fishing in Artisanal Fisheries of Southern Chile, in: Marine Policy, 95, p. 36-45.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.06.020
Google Scholar
NIELSEN K.N., HOLM P., ASCHAN M., 2015, Results based Management in Fisheries: Delegating Responsibility to Resource Users, in: Marine Policy, 51, p. 442-451.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2014.10.007
Google Scholar
NUGROHO R., 1995, Public Policy, Elex Media Komputindo, Jakarta.
Google Scholar
OKAFOR-YARWOOD I., 2019, Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing, and The Complexities of The Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs) for Countries in the Gulf of Guinea, in: Marine Policy, 99, p. 414-422.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2017.09.016
Google Scholar
PAHLEVI M.F.R., HIDAYAT Z., 2017, Implementasi Kebijakan Pelarangan Alat Tangkap Cantrang di Kabupaten Rembang [The Implementation on Cantrang Prohibition Policy in Rembang Regency], in: Journal of Public Policy and Management Review, 6(2), p. 200-214 (in Indonesian).
Google Scholar
PETROSSIAN G.A., 2015, Preventing Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing: A Situational Approach, in: Biological Conservation, 189, p. 39-48.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.09.005
Google Scholar
RISKAS K.A., TOBIN R.C., FUENTES M.M.P.B., HAMANN M., 2018, Evaluating The Threat of IUU Fishing to Sea Turtles in The Indian Ocean and Southeast Asia Using Expert Elicitation, in: Biological Conservation, 217, p. 232-239.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.10.011
Google Scholar
RODRIGUEZ-GARCIA O.U., SEIJO J.C., DE ANDA-MONTANEZ J.A., 2019, Recovery Timelines of Vulnerable High Value Species Under Moratoria: Dealing with Uncertain Levels of Illegal Fishing, in: Fisheries Research, 220, p. 105345.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2019.105345
Google Scholar
SANDER K., LEE J., HICKEY V., MOSOTI V.B., VIRDIN J., MAGRATH W.B., 2014, Conceptualizing Maritime Environmental and Natural Resources Law Enforcement – The Case of Illegal Fishing, in: Environmental Development, 11, p. 112-122.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2013.08.002
Google Scholar
SARI HR, BRATA NT., 2017, Studi etnoekologi tentang nelayan dan jaring cantrang di Kabupaten Rembang [Ethnoecological study of fisherman and cantrang nets in Rembang Regency], in: Jurnal Sosiologi Walisongo, 1(2), p. 135-146 (in Indonesian).
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21580/jsw.2017.1.2.1983
Google Scholar
SUBANI W., BARUS H.R., 1989, Alat Penangkapan Ikan dan Udang Laut di Indonesia [Fishing and catching shrimp gear in Indonesia], Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Jakarta (in Indonesian).
Google Scholar
SUKANDAR, RAKA D.G., SETYOHADI D., SAMBAH A.B., BINTORO G., DARMAWAN, IKA L., FUAD., 2015, Tinjauan Akademis terhadap
Google Scholar
Permen KP No.2/Permen-KP/2015 [Academic Review of Permen KP No.2/Permen-KP/2015]. BPPFPIK Universitas Brawijaya, Malang (in Indonesian).
Google Scholar
SUPRAPTI Y., DHUHA R.S., MUNIR M., 2017, Persepsi nelayan cantrang terhadap Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Nomor 2 Tahun 2015 [Fisherman's perception on the Minister of Maritime and Fisheries Regulation No. 2 on 2015], in: Journal of Economic and Social of Fisheries and Marine, 5(1), p. 104-115 (in Indonesian).
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.ecsofim.2017.005.01.10
Google Scholar
SUWARSIH, 2013, Pengaruh lama penarikan pada pengoperasian alat tangkap cantrang terhadap hasil tangkapan ikan demersal di perairan Brondong [The effect of pullout period on cantrang to demersal fishes catches in Brondong], in: Jurnal Harpodon Borneo, 6(2), p. 143-151 (in Indonesian).
Google Scholar
XUE G., 2003, China and International Fisheries Law and Policy, Martinus Nijhof Publisher, Cambridge.
Google Scholar
YOUNG M.A., 2016, International Trade Law Compatibility of Market-Related Measures to Combat Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing, in: Marine Policy, 69, p. 209-219.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2016.01.025
Google Scholar
Authors
Indra Gumay Febryanoindragumay@yahoo.com
Department of Coastal and Marine Zone Management, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung Indonesia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7242-656X
Authors
SuponoDepartment of Coastal and Marine Zone Management, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung Indonesia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8712-090X
Authors
Abdullah Aman DamaiDepartment of Coastal and Marine Zone Management, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung Indonesia
Authors
Debi HardianDepartment of Coastal and Marine Zone Management, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung Indonesia
Authors
Gunardi Djoko WinarnoDepartment of Coastal and Marine Zone Management, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung Indonesia
Authors
Novita TresianaDepartment of Public Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung Indonesia
Statistics
Abstract views: 64PDF downloads: 27
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.