Impact of partial substitution of sand by compost on the mechanical and thermal parameters of concrete
Halima Zaidi
halima.zaidi@univ-constantine3.dzInstitute of Urban Techniques Management; University of Salah Boubnider-Constantine 3; (Algeria)
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0373-1901
Roukia Bouadam
Institute of Urban Techniques Management; University of Salah Boubnider-Constantine 3; (Algeria)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1067-4848
Abstract
The study investigates recycling organic waste in Algeria due to the rising use of natural resources and energy in concrete production and the large amount of organic waste discarded. The aim is to use compost as a partial replacement for sand, reducing the use of natural aggregates in the concrete industry while also reusing previously discarded waste as part of a circular economy. An experimental study was carried out on concrete’s thermal and mechanical properties to determine the effect of partial compost replacement on these properties. Five mixtures were created by replacing sand with compost in different proportions: 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%. Slump and density were assessed in the formulations’ original state. Mechanical tests were performed on the hardened concrete to determine porosity, compressive strength, and flexural strength. Thermal tests were also conducted on various types of concrete to determine thermal conductivity. The findings show that the texture of the compost reduced the slump, highlighting the importance of incorporating an admixture to achieve the desired workability. While meeting normal-weight concrete standards, concrete density was reduced. The mechanical properties of concrete with small amounts of compost were similar to regular concrete; instead, waste porosity improved insulation.
Keywords:
ordinary concrete, organic waste, compost, mechanical parameters, thermal parametersReferences
[1] National Waste Agency, “Report on the State of Waste Management in Algeria”, 2020.
Google Scholar
[2] National Waste Agency, “Household and similar waste characterization national campaign 2018 / 2019”, 2019.
Google Scholar
[3] Energy and Mining Ministry, “National energy balance 2021”, 2022.
Google Scholar
[4] Li Z., Advanced Concrete Technology, 1st ed. Wiley, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470950067
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470950067
Google Scholar
[5] Bur N., Etude des caractéristiques physico-chimiques de nouveaux bétons éco-respectueux pour leur résistance à l’environnement dans le cadre du développement durable. PhD dissertation, Université de Strasbourg, 2012.
Google Scholar
[6] Mindess S., “Sustainability of concrete”, in Developments in the Formulation and Reinforcement of Concrete, Elsevier, 2019, pp. 3–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102616-8.00001-0
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102616-8.00001-0
Google Scholar
[7] Pellegrino C. et al., “Recycled materials in concrete”, in Developments in the Formulation and Reinforcement of Concrete, Elsevier, 2019, pp. 19–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102616-8.00002-2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102616-8.00002-2
Google Scholar
[8] Fapohunda C. et al., “A Review of the Properties, Structural Characteristics and Application Potentials of Concrete Containing Wood Waste as Partial Replacement of one of its Constituent Material”, YBL Journal of Built Environment, vol. 6, no. 1, (Jun. 2018), pp. 63–85. https://doi.org/10.2478/jbe-2018-0005
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jbe-2018-0005
Google Scholar
[9] Fowler D. W., “Polymers in concrete: a vision for the 21st century”, Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 21, no. 5–6, (Dec. 1999), pp. 449–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(99)00032-3
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(99)00032-3
Google Scholar
[10] Saikia N. and De Brito J., “Use of plastic waste as aggregate in cement mortar and concrete preparation: A review”, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 34, (Sep. 2012), pp. 385–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.02.066
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.02.066
Google Scholar
[11] Ruiz-Herrero J. L. et al., “Mechanical and thermal performance of concrete and mortar cellular materials containing plastic waste”, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 104, (2016), pp. 298–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.005
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.005
Google Scholar
[12] Huang B. et al., “Investigation into Waste Tire Rubber-Filled Concrete”, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 16, no. 3, (Jun. 2004), pp. 187–194. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2004)16:3(187)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2004)16:3(187)
Google Scholar
[13] Shu X. and Huang B., “Recycling of waste tire rubber in asphalt and portland cement concrete: An overview”, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 67, (Sep. 2014), pp. 217–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.027
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.027
Google Scholar
[14] Jani Y. and Hogland W., “Waste glass in the production of cement and concrete – A review”, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, vol. 2, no. 3, (Sep. 2014), pp. 1767–1775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2014.03.016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2014.03.016
Google Scholar
[15] Park S. B. et al., “Studies on mechanical properties of concrete containing waste glass aggregate”, Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 34, no. 12, (Dec. 2004), pp. 2181–2189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.02.006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.02.006
Google Scholar
[16] Velay-Lizancos M. et al., “Concrete with fine and coarse recycled aggregates: E-modulus evolution, compressive strength and non-destructive testing at early ages”, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 193, (Dec. 2018), pp. 323–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.10.209
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.10.209
Google Scholar
[17] Etxeberria M. et al., “Recycled aggregate concrete as structural material”, Materials and Structures, vol. 40, no. 5, (Feb. 2007), pp. 529–541. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-006-9161-5
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-006-9161-5
Google Scholar
[18] Rynk R., On-farm composting handbook. Ithaca, NY: Natural Resource, Agriculture, and Engineering Service, 1992.
Google Scholar
[19] Bouadam R. et al., “Composting as a sustainable alternative to eliminate household and similar Waste in developing countries”, Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, vol. 10, no. 6, (Nov. 2022), pp. 01–14. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2022.1061
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2022.1061
Google Scholar
[20] Cuthbertson D. et al., “Biochar from residual biomass as a concrete filler for improved thermal and acoustic properties”, Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 120, (Jan. 2019), pp. 77–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.11.007
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.11.007
Google Scholar
[21] Nazari A. and Riahi S., “Improvement compressive strength of concrete in different curing media by Al2O3 nanoparticles”, Materials Science and Engineering: A, vol. 528, no. 3, (Jan. 2011), pp. 1183–1191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2010.09.098
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2010.09.098
Google Scholar
[22] Vijayalakshmi M. et al., “Strength and durability properties of concrete made with granite industry waste”, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 46, (Sep. 2013), pp. 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.04.018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.04.018
Google Scholar
[23] Vodák F. et al., “The effect of temperature on strength – porosity relationship for concrete”, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 18, no. 7, (Sep. 2004), pp. 529–534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2004.04.009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2004.04.009
Google Scholar
[24] Alyamaç K. E. and Aydin A. B., “Concrete properties containing fine aggregate marble powder”, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 19, no. 7, (Nov. 2015), pp. 2208–2216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-015-0327-y
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-015-0327-y
Google Scholar
[25] Asadi I. et al., “Thermal conductivity of concrete – A review”, Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 20, (Nov. 2018), pp. 81–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2018.07.002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2018.07.002
Google Scholar
Authors
Halima Zaidihalima.zaidi@univ-constantine3.dz
Institute of Urban Techniques Management; University of Salah Boubnider-Constantine 3; Algeria
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0373-1901
Authors
Roukia BouadamInstitute of Urban Techniques Management; University of Salah Boubnider-Constantine 3; Algeria
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1067-4848
Statistics
Abstract views: 113PDF downloads: 112
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Budownictwo i Architektura supports the open science program. The journal enables Open Access to their publications. Everyone can view, download and forward articles, provided that the terms of the license are respected.
Publishing of articles is possible after submitting a signed statement on the transfer of a license to the Journal.